Çevre Mühendisliği Bölümü
https://hdl.handle.net/11494/269
2024-03-29T08:17:59ZTemporal variations in groundwater chemical composition of landfill areas in the vicinity of agricultural lands: a case study of the Zdounky and Petruvky landfills in the Czech Republic
https://hdl.handle.net/11494/4880
Temporal variations in groundwater chemical composition of landfill areas in the vicinity of agricultural lands: a case study of the Zdounky and Petruvky landfills in the Czech Republic
Podlasek, Anna; Vaverkova, Magdalena Daria; Koda, Eugeniusz; Paleologos, Evan K.; Adamcova, Dana; Bilgin, Ayla
The issue of groundwater contamination is one of several major global concerns, especially in areas exposed to the impact of waste disposal. The present study investigated the potential of combining both direct monitoring activities with computer-based model simulations to predict and describe contamination sources from two landfills and surrounding land in the Czech Republic (CR). The results have shown that groundwater quality at the two monitored landfills in the CR falls within the requirements set for pH values. Electrical conductivity (EC) values for the Petruvky landfill showed homogeneity, however for the Zdounky landfill EC values were significantly higher. The concentrations of nitrate (NO3-) appear to have been affected both by the operation of the landfill and surrounding arable areas, although for both landfill sites, the average NO3- values were seen to meet the CR water quality requirements. The contents of most of the monitored indicators were found to be at the level of the natural background, therefore not exceeding the critical values set by regulatory agencies. It was demonstrated that random high concentrations of pollution indicators can potentially be explained by runoff of contaminants from the section of both landfills where tires and/ or demolition wastes are stored. According to the Monte Carlo simulations it was also found that narrow contaminant plumes cannot be captured by a single downstream piezometer installed in the monitoring network. The outcomes presented in this work represent a novel aspect of environmental assessment as few studies have looked at groundwater quality in terms of temporal changes of contaminant indicators in locations where landfill facilities co-exist with agricultural lands.
2023-01-01T00:00:00ZEffects of high temperature & pressure pretreatment process on methane production from cyanobacteria
https://hdl.handle.net/11494/4871
Effects of high temperature & pressure pretreatment process on methane production from cyanobacteria
Şahan, Murat; Fardinpoor, Mona; Yılmaz, Vedat; Yılmaz , Fatih; Altınay Perendeci, N.
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Open AccessArticle
Effects of High Temperature & Pressure Pretreatment Process on Methane Production from Cyanobacteria
by Murat Şahan 1,Mona Fardinpoor 1,Vedat Yılmaz 2ORCID,Fatih Yılmaz 1ORCID andN. Altınay Perendeci 1,*ORCID
1
Environmental Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Akdeniz University, 07070 Antalya, Turkey
2
Environmental Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Artvin Çoruh University, 08000 Artvin, Turkey
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Fermentation 2023, 9(3), 240; https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9030240
Received: 7 February 2023 / Revised: 24 February 2023 / Accepted: 27 February 2023 / Published: 1 March 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioresources and Bioenergies Production from Microalgae by Fermentation Technology)
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Abstract
In this study, Desertifilum tharense cyanobacteria, which has energy generation potential, was firstly isolated from the water sources from Denizli/Turkey, the culture-specific parameters were identified, characterization analyses were performed, and the production in photoreactors under laboratory conditions was performed. D. tharense cyanobacterium was subjected to a high temperature–pressure pretreatment process (HTPP) to increase methane production efficiency, and the pretreatment process was optimized for methane production. D. tharense had a total carbon (C) content of 50.2% and total organic carbon content (TOC) of 48.9%. The biochemical methane potential (BMP) of the raw D. tharense sample was measured as 261.8 mL methane (CH4) per gram of volatile solids (VS). In order to investigate the effects of HTPP and to determine the optimum process conditions, Central Composite Design (CCD) approach-based Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used. BMP values of the samples treated with HTTP were measured in the range of 201.5–235 mLCH4 gVS−1 and lower than the raw sample. These results revealed that the HTPP is not suitable for the production of biofuel methane from D. tharense. The optimization of the HTPP was carried out by Design Expert software. For maximum BMP production, the software proposed a reaction temperature of 200 °C and a reaction time of 20 min as optimum conditions. With the proposed model, it was estimated that 227.1 mLCH4 g VS−1 methane could be produced under these conditions, and 211.4 mLCH4 g VS−1 methane was produced in the validation experiment. It was determined that D. tharense cyanobacterium could be used as a suitable biomass source for methane production. However, it was not necessary to use the HTTP as a pretreatment process prior to the methane production.
2023-01-01T00:00:00ZEvaluation of progressive collapse potential of a RC school building considering soil–structure interaction
https://hdl.handle.net/11494/4712
Evaluation of progressive collapse potential of a RC school building considering soil–structure interaction
Özgan, Korhan; Kılıçer, Saffet; Daloğlu, Ayşe T.
The purpose of the study is to investigate progressive collapse resistance of a reinforced concrete building taking soil–structure interaction into account. The study has been conducted on a five-storey school building that was designed seismically before. The progressive collapse potential of the building is investigated using the alternate path method for linear static and nonlinear dynamic procedures according to the guideline of United States Department of Defence United Facilities Criteria, Design of Buildings to Resist Progressive Collapse. The modified Vlasov model is used here for the first time to include the soil–structure interaction effect on the progressive collapse risk of a reinforced concrete building. A programme was coded in MATLAB to interact with SAP2000 via Open Application Programming Interface (OAPI) features simultaneously for this purpose, and the subsoil effect on the structure was investigated. Two types of column removal scenarios are examined to investigate the effects of soil–structure interaction on progressive collapse resistance. It has been observed that the building under investigation has sufficient resistance to progressive collapse, but when soil–structure interaction is considered, there is increases in the internal forces of the structural elements in general. There may be a possibility that the safety of some other structure will be adversely affected due to the additional effects on the internal forces caused by subsoil. Therefore, at the end of the study, it was concluded that subsoil effects must be taken into account in the progressive collapse analysis.
2023-01-01T00:00:00ZNanoporous zeolite and its effect on the immobilization oftrace elements in soils from scrap landfills under aidedphytostabilization
https://hdl.handle.net/11494/4560
Nanoporous zeolite and its effect on the immobilization oftrace elements in soils from scrap landfills under aidedphytostabilization
Radziemska, Maja; Blazejczyk, Aurelia; Gusiatin, Mariusz Z.; Cydzik-Kwiatkowska, Agnieszka; Majewski, Grzegorz; Bilgin, Ayla
The rising prerequisite for developing novel green remediation methods for trace-ele-ment-contaminated lands is allied to the necessity to really mend the soil environs.The effectiveness of zeolite-aided phytostabilization (AP) of soil contaminated withtrace elements (TEs), from a scrap yard, usingLolium perenneas the plant for testing,was determined and discussed. The variability and activity of the rhizospheric bacte-rial community were also examined. The initial soil used in the AP experiment wascharacterized by especially high total contents of Zn, Pb, Cu and Cd. The TE totalcontents in roots and aboveground parts ofL. perenneas well as in the phytostabil-ized soil materials were analyzed with flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Thestudy revealed that the addition of natural zeolite into TE-contaminated soilincreased the relative plant biomass as well as the soil pH value as compared to thephytostabilized non-amended series, whereas the total contents (with respect to anabsolute value) of Zn, Pb, Cu and Cd were generally higher in roots than in theaboveground parts ofL. perenne. In particular, the incorporation of zeolite to the soilcontributed most significantly to the considerable relative decrease in the total con-tents of Cu, Pb, Cd and Zn in the soil, as well as the content of bioavailable and leach-able speciations of Cd, Cu, Zn and Pb extracted from the soil using CaCl2solution ascompared to the non-amended series. In the phytostabilized zeolite-amended soil,the overall bacterial diversity decreased but the presence of zeolite favoured thegrowth of microorganisms belonging toGammaproteobacteria,Planctomycetia, andThermomicrobia, in particular, the generaMycobacterium,Williamsia, andProchlorococcus
2022-01-01T00:00:00Z