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    Agile supply chain management based on critical success factors and most ideal risk reduction strategy in the era of industry 4.0: Application to plastic industry
    (Springer, 2023) Korucuk, Selçuk; Tirkolaee, Erfan Babaee; Aytekin, Ahmet; Karabasevic, Darjan; Karamaşa, Çağlar
    In the global trade economy, the degree of competition and differentiation among organizations working in the sector of Supply Chain Management (SCM) is expanding gradually. For companies, SCM operations are becoming more important than manufacturing, sales, and marketing activities, and new ways and methods are preferred for efficiency and performance. The agility (or agility phenomenon) is one of the applications that aids effective SCM operations in this context. Agile Supply Chain Management (ASCM) and the emergence of Industry 4.0 practices, in addition to offering a cost advantage and business performance improvement, are crucial in providing flexibility to companies and ensuring their survival in the era of Industry 4.0. Meanwhile, companies aim to deal with uncertainty and implement various risk-reduction strategies as part of effective SCM. In this context, the study lists the critical success factors of ASCM and selects the most appropriate risk reduction strategy for companies that manufacture and market rubber and plastic products with a corporate identity and conduct import and export business in Istanbul. For this purpose, the criteria and alternatives specified in accordance with the literature review and experts’ opinions are examined using Bipolar Neutrosophic Stepwise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (BN-SWARA) and Bipolar Neutrosophic Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (BN-TOPSIS) methods. The ranking results are then discussed in line with the practical implications to provide managerial insights and decision aids. Finally, the main limitations are expressed in order to delineate useful future research directions.
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    Assessing green approaches and digital marketing strategies for twin transition via fermatean fuzzy SWARA-COPRAS
    (MDPI, 2022) Korucuk, Selçuk; Aytekin, Ahmet; Ecer, Fatih; Karamaşa, Çağlar; Zavadskas, Edmundas Kazimieras
    Integrating green approaches and digital marketing strategies for Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), which reduce environmental risks to desired levels by eliminating emissions and pollution, is considered one of the most promising solutions for logistics companies. The study strives to bring a practical and applicable solution to the decision problem involving the selection of indicators for green approaches and digital marketing strategies for ICTs in the logistics sector. An integrated Fermatean Fuzzy Step-wiseWeight Assessment Ratio Analysis (FF–SWARA) and Fermatean Fuzzy Complex Proportional Assessment (FF–COPRAS) methodology is applied to evaluate green approaches and digital marketing strategies. Concerning the findings, the foremost criterion is “data management,” whereas the best strategy is “programmatic advertising.” To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there is no other study that both offers a strategy selection for the logistics industry and considers environmental protection, sustainability, digital transformation, energy costs, and social and economic factors. The study is a part of ongoing research on productivity, sustainability, the environment, digitization, recycling and estimating levels of waste reduction, as well as business practices, competitiveness and ensuring employee satisfaction and resource efficiency. Also, it investigates the similarities and dissimilarities in the green approach practices of business in logistics and determines the extent to which these practices could be reflected. It is expected to ensure a roadmap for green approach practices and to support sustainable and ecological awareness efforts for ICTs in the logistics sector. Logistics companies can select an integrated digital strategy based on green informatics that suits them using the decision model employed in this study, which can handle uncertainties effectively. In this regard, the study’s findings, which focus on reaching customers and the most precise target audience in digital applications for businesses, are critical for developing strategy, plan and process.
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    Assessing industrialized countries’ environmental sustainability performances using an integrated multi-criteria model and software
    (2023) Kırda, Kadir; Aytekin, Ahmet
    This study seeks to identify and highlight the differences in the environmental sustainability and environmental protection practices of industrialized countries. For this purpose, thirty industrialized countries were examined using a multi-criteria integrated decision model based on fourteen environmental sustainability performance criteria. An opensource software based on the Python that allows different multi-criteria decision-making methods to be used through a user-friendly interface was developed for evaluations. The results from the developed software rank Sweden first and India last in their environmental sustainability performances. Sweden stands out notably in terms of negative greenhouse gas emission technologies, afforestation, reforestation, environmental laws, carbon tax, bioenergy, and national consciousness. India, on the other hand, does not appear to handle environmental problems in a timely and appropriate manner considering its large population and development needs. Development, utilization, and expansion of renewable energy sources, waste recycling, waste reduction, proper waste disposal, and prioritization of the development of technologies with zero or negative greenhouse gas emissions have emerged as significant factors for environmentally friendly industrialization.
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    Assessment of ideal smart network strategies for logistics companies using an integrated picture fuzzy LBWA-CoCoSo framework
    (Emerald Group Publishing LTD., 2022) Korucuk, Selçuk; Aytekin, Ahmet; Ecer, Fatih; Pamucar, Dragan Stevan S.; Karamaşa, Cağlar
    Purpose Nowadays, companies have required new alternatives and strategies to handle environmental sustainability difficulties, primarily as ecological and social awareness has grown. In this context, the aim is to determine the green transportation indicators in companies with corporate identity and logistics activities at the international level in Giresun, Ordu, Gumushane, Artvin, Rize, and Trabzon in the Eastern Black Sea Region in Turkey. At the same time, the study contributes to providing an effective and applicable solution to decision-making problems involving the assessment of green transportation indicators and smart network strategies in the logistics sector, which is a critical sector for countries. The purpose of this paper is to address these issues. Design/methodology/approach This study aims to propose a model for the selection of smart network strategy and to determine the criteria weights used in green transportation indicators, and establish an ideal smart network strategy. In achieving the outlined goals of the study, the authors believe that the model proposed in the study will draw the focus to green logistics which will aid the environmental, economic and social efforts of businesses and governments through the provision of efficient use of scarce resources, which will, in turn, ensure that we leave a sustainable environment for future generations and businesses enjoy a competitive advantage. At the same time, different smart network strategies and green transportation indicators in companies show the success rate of social, economic and environmental indicators in green logistics practices. In addition to providing innovative, reliable and sustainable transportation systems, smart network strategies are critical for businesses to create cost advantages. Through the green transportation indicators and smart network strategies selection model outlined in this study, it is clear that the contribution will not only be limited to businesses, as the society and governments will also benefit from the important indicators on sustainability, as well as the protection of the environment and nature. Findings According to the findings, "economic indicators" is the essential green transportation indicator in logistics companies with a corporate identity and worldwide transportation operations. Besides, the "mixed access model strategy" is the most appropriate smart network strategy in logistics firms with corporate identity and worldwide transportation activities. Currently, it is possible to assume that logistics organizations prefer to profit from all smart network strategies in terms of cost optimization and competitiveness rather than from just one. The study, on the other hand, which is a road map that will help sustainability practices in the logistics sector due to green transportation, also examines the similarities and differences of green transportation practices in companies in the relevant sector and to what extent they can be reflected. As a result, the study provides a practical road map for selecting green transport indicators and a smart network strategy process for the logistics industry. Originality/value This study examined logistics companies with a corporate identity and international transportation activities in provinces in the Eastern Black Sea Region such as Ordu, Giresun, Trabzon, Rize, Artvin and Gumushane. Novel picture fuzzy level based weight assessment (PF-LBWA) and picture fuzzy combined compromise solution (PF-CoCoSo) methods are developed to solve the decision-making problem.
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    A bipolar neutrosophic combined compromise solution-based hybrid model for identifying blockchain application barriers and Benchmarking consensus algorithms
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Aytekin, Ahmet; Bozkurt, Eda; Orakçı, Erhan; Uysal, Mustafa; Simic, Vladimir; Korucuk, Selçuk; Pamucar, Dragan
    Blockchain technology and applications, one of the most attractive Industry 4.0 technologies, provide organizations with a transparent, reliable, and traceable distributed ledger network. Blockchain technologies have the potential to transform the way logistics companies and supply chains operate and boost efficiency. However, blockchain technology applications are not yet widely adopted in all industries. Among the challenges that logistics companies should pay close attention to in the future are focusing on blockchain technology, reducing current barriers, and supporting the best consensus algorithms. In this context, the main research questions are: (1) What are the obstacles to blockchain technology applications in logistics organizations? (2) Which is the best consensus algorithm? The study suggests the approach of combining subjective and objective techniques in the process of weighting the criteria. Also, the research introduces the bipolar neutrosophic-logarithmic percentage change-driven objective weighting approach, as well as the bipolar neutrosophic-combined compromise solution approach, for choosing a consensus algorithm to solve the obstacles blockchain technologies face. According to the study's findings, the most significant barrier in blockchain technologies is "lack of legal regulation". “Proof of authority” is identified as the most important consensus algorithm.
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    Büyükşehir belediyeleri web sitelerinin yönetişim ilkeleri açısından değerlendirilmesi
    (Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 2021) Gençkaya, Ömer Faruk; Gündoğdu, Hakan Gökhan; Aytekin, Ahmet
    Local governments publicize information such as the agenda of local councils, minutes of council meetings, their annual budgets, the strategic plans, and the other essential documents on their official websites. This study aims to assess the official websites of local governments, which are the closest service units to the citizens, in terms of governance principles such as openness, transparency, and participation. The web pages of thirty metropolitan municipalities were evaluated in terms of competence with the Stapel scale and content analysis method according to the thirteen main criteria. The method of LBWA in weighting the criteria and CoCoSo method in the ranking of websites were used. The findings indicate that metropolitan municipality websites do not have sufficient levels in terms of transparency, audit, and accountability.
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    CODAS-Sort ve çok boyutlu ölçekleme analizi ile illerin girişimcilik sınıflandırması
    (Sakarya Üniversitesi, 2020) Aytekin, Ahmet
    Girişimciliğin, işsizliğin azaltılması ve ekonomik büyüme üzerinde olumlu etkileri bulunmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, ülkeler girişimciliği destekleyecek politikalar üretmektedir. Söz konusu ülkelerden biri de Türkiye’dir. Bu kapsamda ele alınan çalışmada, Türkiye’de son dönemde yeni yaratılan girişimlerin iller düzeyinde incelenmesi, illerin yeni girişimcilik sayıları bağlamında sınıflandırılması ve söz konusu sınıfların temel özelliklerinin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. 2017-2019 dönemi için TUİK’ten elde edilen veriler Çok Boyutlu Ölçekleme ve CODAS-Sort yöntemleriyle analiz edilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda, İstanbul’un diğer illerden önemli ölçüde farklılaştığı belirlenmiştir. Dört sınıflı yaklaşımda, İstanbul tek başına ilk sınıfı, Ankara ve İzmir ise ikinci sınıfı oluşturmuştur. Üçüncü sınıfta elli dokuz ve dördüncü sınıfta ise on dokuz il yer almıştır. Türkiye genelinde sonuçlar değerlendirildiğinde, İstanbul merkezli ve hizmet sektörleri ağırlıklı bir girişimci profili ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu noktada, katma değeri yüksek, teknoloji ve üretim sektörleri içinde bulunan alt sektörlere ağırlık verilmesinin ve devlet tarafından söz konusu sektörler için kaynaklara erişimi kolaylaştıracak kümelenme benzeri girişimlerin oluşturulmasının yerinde olacağı düşünülmektedir
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    Çok kriterli karar analizi
    (Nobel Akademi, 2022) Aytekin, Ahmet
    Karar analizi, karşılaşılan problemlere matematiksel açıdan yaklaşarak akılcı çözümler üretilmesini içeren süreçleri konu almaktadır. Problemlerin bilimsel temellere dayalı olarak ele alınması araştırmacılara, yöneticilere, mühendislere, analistlere veya karar sorumluluğunu taşıyan kişi ya da gruplara; karşılaştırılabilir, parametre değişimleri izlenebilir, geçerlilik ve güvenirliği sınanabilir çözümlere erişme olanağı sağlar. Bu kapsamda kitap, Karar Analizi alanında çalışan veya çalışmak isteyen araştırmacılara, karşılaşılan problemlere akılcı çözümler üretme arayışında olan bireylere ya da gruplara ve konuya ilgi duyan herkese yarar sağlaması amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. Çalışmada öncelikle Karar Analizi içinde önemli yer edinen kavramlara, kuramlara ve bu kuramlarla ilişkili paradoks ve eleştirilere yer verilmiştir. Ardından, Çok Kriterli Karar Analizi yöntemlerinden öne çıkanlar ve farklı özelliklere sahip olanlar, karar probleminin çözümünden beklenen sonuç türüne göre ayrı bölümler altında ele alınmıştır. Bu bölümler içinde söz konusu yöntemler, açıklayıcı örneklerle incelenmiştir. Örnek uygulamaların gerçekleştirilmesinde ağırlıklı olarak MS Excel'den yararlanılmış ve kitap içinde sunulan karekod ile okuyucunun uygulamalara erişimine olanak sağlanmıştır. Ayrıca bazı yöntemlere yönelik geliştirilen Super Decisions, Visual PROMETHEE, J-Electre, M-MACBETH, Rstudio-deaR, DEA Spreadsheet gibi çeşitli yazılım ya da eklentilerden faydalanılmıştır. Söz konusu yazılım ya da eklentilerin kullanımı kitap içinde detaylı biçimde anlatılmıştır. Kitabın sahip olduğu özelliklerle Çok Kriterli Karar Analizi alanında, Türkçe literatüre önemli katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
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    Çok kriterli karar problemine uzaklık ve referans temelli çözüm yaklaşımı
    (Anadolu Üniveritesi, 2020) Aytekin, Ahmet; Durucasu, Hasan
    Günümüzde çok kriterli karar verme teknikleri, çeşitli endüstri ve yaşam alanlarında yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Karar problemlerinin kendine özgü yapısı nedeniyle, söz konusu çeşitli alanlarda karşılaşılan karar problemlerinin tümünde aynı çok kriterli karar verme tekniğiyle etkin çözüme ulaşmak mümkün olamamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, karar problemlerinin yapısı ve karar vericinin tercihleri bağlamında referans ve/veya uzaklık temelli Referansa En Yakın Çözüm Tekniği (REF), REF-II ve Karma Kriterli Karar Problemlerinde Uzaklık Temelli Çözüm Tekniği (KARMA) önerileri geliştirilmiştir. Ayrıca, karar problemlerinde karar kriterlerinin ölçeklendirilmesi ve ağırlıklandırılması amacıyla Aralıklı ve Aşamalı Tercih/Önem Ölçeği önerisine yer verilmiştir.
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    Çok kriterli karar problemlerine yönelik yeni bir ölçek: aralıklı ve aşamalı tercih-önem ölçeği
    (Gece Kitaplığı, 2020) Aytekin, Ahmet; Durucasu, Hasan
    Günlük hayatta ve zorluk derecesi yüksek sorunlarda çoğunlukla kararlar verilmesi gerekir. Bu noktada karar verme kavramı, karara ulaşmak için gerekli olan tüm aşamaları içeren süreçler bütünü olarak ifade edilebilir. Kararı veren bir kişi (yönetici, uzman, analist, yetkili, yazılım, yapay zekâ), grup ya da örgüt olabilmektedir. Kararın sorumluluğunu taşıyan kişi, grup ya da tüzel kişiliğe karar verici adı verilmektedir.
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    Çok kriterli karar problemlerine yönelik yeni bir ölçek: Aralıklı ve aşamalı tercih-önem ölçeği
    (Gece Kitaplığı, 2020) Aytekin, Ahmet; Durucasu, Hasan
    Günlük hayatta ve zorluk derecesi yüksek sorunlarda çoğunlukla kararlar verilmesi gerekir. Bu noktada karar verme kavramı, karara ulaşmak için gerekli olan tüm aşamaları içeren süreçler bütünü olarak ifade edilebilir. Kararı veren bir kişi (yönetici, uzman, analist, yetkili, yazılım, yapay zekâ), grup ya da örgüt olabilmektedir. Kararın sorumluluğunu taşıyan kişi, grup ya da tüzel kişiliğe karar verici adı verilmektedir.
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    Comparative analysis of normalization techniques in the context of MCDM problems
    (Regional Association for Security and crisis management, 2021) Aytekin, Ahmet
    Normalization is an essential step in data analysis and for MCDM methods. This study aims to outline the positive and negative features of the normalization techniques that can be used in MCDM problems. In order to compare the different normalization techniques, fourteen sets representing different scenarios of decision problems were used. According to the results, if the decision-maker chooses to take the alternative with the highest value in the criteria and avoid the one with the lowest value, or vice versa, optimization-based normalization techniques should be preferred, whereas the reference-based normalization techniques are considered appropriate for situations where there are ideal values determined by the decision-maker for each criterion. However, if the decision-maker believes that the values in the criteria do not represent the monotonous increasing or decreasing benefit/cost, then non-linear normalization techniques should be used. Also, in the event of a change in the conditions mentioned above, the decision maker may opt for mixed normalization techniques. However, some data structures, such as the presence of zero, and negative values in the decision matrix, can prevent the use of some normalization techniques. The choice of the normalization technique may also be affected by the problem of rank reversal, the range of normalized values, obtaining the same optimization aspect for all criteria, and the validity of results.
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    Corporate sustainability strategy selection for a metropolitan municipality using a trapezoidal interval type-2 fuzzy SWARA–COPRAS framework
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Toptancı, Şura; Gündoğdu, Hakan Gökhan; Korucuk, Selçuk; Aytekin, Ahmet; Stević, Željko
    Local governments are willing to use their activities and resources in accordance with the changing and transforming conditions. Especially with the increasing importance of sustainability, economic, social, and environmental strategies are redefining. Thus, a sustainable corporate governance model that includes a systematic and analytical approach should be used to solve the decision-making problem of local governments regarding changing corporate and environmental sustainability strategies. In particular, new measurement methods are required to define the sustainability outputs/strategies of local governments. In this context, it is clear that there is a need for a more holistic approach that focuses not only on the immediate effects at the local government level but also on the positive effects on the entire system. While the study fills this gap, it also evaluates the long-term and sustainable impacts of the organization. The study also contributes to a methodological framework that can help advance future research on the practice of monitoring sustainable development by local governments. This study aims to determine the best corporate sustainability strategy by evaluating environmental sustainability from the perspective of local governments. For this purpose, the criteria were evaluated using trapezoidal interval type-2 fuzzy SWARA, and the alternatives were ranked through trapezoidal interval type-2 fuzzy COPRAS methods. The findings show that net-zero targets and sustainable production are more crucial criteria. Additionally, it has been determined that social and environmental strategies have priority in the selection of alternative criteria related to corporate sustainability. The main finding of this study is that local governments include responsible production criteria in their priority policies. The results obtained contribute to the literature on measuring sustainable development outcomes in local government organizations and identify strategies and improvement opportunities that can lead to better practices.
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    Critical success factors of lean six sigma to select the most ideal critical business process using q-ROF CRITIC-ARAS technique: Case study of food business
    (2023) Aytekin, Ahmet; Okoth, Basil Oluch; Korucuk, Selçuk; Mishra, Arunodaya Raj; Memiş, Salih; Karamaşa, Çağlar; Tirkolaee, Erfan Babaee
    The current market conditions have forced Lean Six Sigma (LSS) upon businesses as one of the must-have practices. The practices have been credited with enhancing the efficiency of the operational and functional processes of enterprises from production to marketing, from personnel management to finance, all the while helping them augment their growth and profitability. LSS has the customer as its main focus and works to create added value for businesses through cost reduction and waste prevention hence can be considered as a process improvement practice. One priority area of improvement in most organizations is the assessment of Critical Business Processes (CBPs) as key processes in the success of businesses that must be tackled in line with the objectives of the businesses due to their extensive impact on customer satisfaction. For this purpose, this study evaluates and ranks the CBPs, and then select the most ideal CBP in food companies with corporate identity in Istanbul following the LSS success factors. Hence, the components attained from the literature are assessed using the suggested “q-ROF CRITIC-ARAS” method which is based on CRiteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC), Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS) techniques and q-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy Sets (q-ROFSs). The findings demonstrate that the most important criterion for LSS success in food businesses is “Top Management and Support”, while “Education and Culture” is the least important. Furthermore, “Enlightenment Approach” is found to be the most ideal CBP based on LSS success factors
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    Current problems and solutions of certified public accountants in Türkiye
    (Scientific Oasis, 2025) Aytekin, Ahmet; İstanbullu, Beril; Kara, Kübra
    This study aims to determine the main problems of Certified Public Accountants (CPAs) and the sub-problems under them and to develop solution proposals for these problems. In this context, evaluations will be obtained regarding the problems of CPAs and the solutions to these problems via the q-rung orthopair fuzzy Delphi technique. The study differentiates itself from the literature and reveals its originality with the revealing of current problems of CPAs, the development of solution proposals for these problems, and the employed methodological approach. Based on literature and expert opinions, 53 problems and 14 solution suggestions were identified. It was found that the 28 problems were critical, and the nine solution suggestions could provide a meaningful solution. In addition, the findings showed that the most critical problems were the stress of the profession, heavy workload, and frequently changing legislation. The most critical solution proposals were to transfer the legal obligations that coincide with the financial holiday period to the next month by the Ministry of Finance, to prepare the legislation related to accounting in coordination with chambers and members of the accounting profession, and to simplify tax declarations.
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    Determining criteria weights for vehicle tracking system selection using piprecia-s
    (2022) Aytekin, Ahmet
    Vehicle tracking systems are generally used to determine the location of vehicles, monitor them, and guide them when appropriate. This study aims to define the criteria that logistics companies consider when selecting a vehicle tracking system, as well as the relative importance of these criteria. PIPRECIA-S, a multi-criteria decision analysis method, was used in this context. According to the analysis results, the most important criterion in the selection of a vehicle tracking system is real-time tracking of the vehicle's location. When it comes to selecting a vehicle tracking system, logistics firms should prioritize instant vehicle tracking, compliance with local rules, compatibility with new technologies and software, quality certification, and compatibility with external systems-devices over other criteria. Other important criteria to consider when selecting a vehicle tracking system are system maintenance and technical support, providing statistical data collection and effective reporting, allowing the vehicle to be diverted, comprehension, simplicity of implementation and visual geo-information presentation for users, design and quality of hardware, system cost, communication infrastructure, and reducing the operating costs of companies. Also, when developing vehicle tracking systems, system developers can prioritize the aforementioned criteria.
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    Determining the factors affecting transportation demand management and selecting the best strategy: A case study
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Aytekin, Ahmet; Korucuk, Selçuk; Görçün, Ömer Faruk
    Demand management in transportation services, as well as demand sustainability, demand planning, and demand implementation are critical components in service quality and environmental sustainability. It is evident that developing a transportation system, particularly one responsive to society's aspirations and demands, will result in long-term and sustainable success for enterprises. Transportation demand management and strategies can produce alternative perspectives at a desirable and sufficient level to handle problems in the field while considering the obstacles. Considering the elements influencing transportation demand management in logistics enterprises, this study aims to evaluate factors affecting transportation demand management and select the best strategy. The study was carried out on logistic firms with a corporate identity in the Turkish province of Samsun (Turkiye), engaged in international transportation activities to define the criteria affecting transportation demand management and select the best transportation demand strategy. The constituents from the literature review were analyzed using the q-rung orthopair fuzzy MCDA methodology. “Freight Transportation” was determined to be the most crucial measure affecting transportation demand management, while “Competition Legislation and Regulations Regulation” was the least important factor. The rapid expansion in the number of companies participating in freight transport and their capacity was evaluated as the essential aspect for the relevant logistics companies in transport demand management. The “Strategy for Prioritizing High Occupancy Vehicles” is the best transportation strategy based on the weights of the transportation demand management factors. Because of the implementation of this strategy in logistics organizations, this study is regarded as a significant indicator of competitiveness to ensure efficiency and effectiveness. The defined transport demand strategy also represents an exemplary model of the measures that need to be developed to increase the demand preference for sustainable transport.
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    Determining the importance level of effective criteria in the health information system selection via spherical fuzzy DEMATEL method
    (Springer, 2023) Aytekin, Ahmet; Koca, Gözde; Okoth, Basil Oluch; Karamaşa, Çağlar
    The dynamic structure of the health sector entails its integration with new technologies that transform every aspect of life. According to the developments in computer and communication technologies, health information systems have quickly been used in health institutions. On the other hand, with the spread of health information systems, problems were encountered in ensuring inter-institutional standards and quality. At this point, the selection of health information systems that are compatible with national and international health systems and that will meet the current and future needs of health institutions have gained importance. Purpose of this study is to determine the effective criteria in the selection of health information systems and the importance levels of these criteria. The criteria determined by scanning the literature were reduced to eight (security, cost, system quality and technical support, design, statistical information delivery, decision support system inclusion, accessibility, integration with external systems and subsystem inclusivity) by using the Delphi method with expert opinions. The spherical fuzzy DEMATEL method was applied to determine the importance levels of the criteria. The study will provide important novelties in terms of using the Delphi method at the point of determining the criteria and considering fuzziness and the interaction between the criteria.
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    Effects of sustainable governance to sustainable development
    (Regional Association for Security and crisis management, 2022) Gündoğdu, Hakan Gökhan; Aytekin, Ahmet
    Sustainable development advocates effective and efficient planning of both present and future use of resources. Governance, on the other hand, is based on the joint and coordinated management of multidimensional variables, which is the basis of the sustainability approach. This study aims to determine how much sustainable governance influences the fulfillment of multidimensional sustainable development. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the variables that reveal the impact of governance on development in terms of sustainability while the gray relational analysis method was used to rank the countries. The results reveal that increases in the number of people using the internet in society, as well as in the levels of developments in e-government and human development, environmental performance, and political reform, all assist countries achieve their SDGs. Furthermore, it was found that governance has a positive and significant impact on SDGs. In addition, an MCDM model consisting of BWM and gray relational analysis was used to evaluate countries based on their performance in sustainable development, the economic, governance and environment. The gray relational analysis results, on the other hand, revealed that developed and wealthy countries ranked first, while underdeveloped countries experiencing instability, such as war and conflict, ranked last. The Nordic countries outperform other countries in terms of governance and sustainability, depending on the strength of their democracy and executive capacity. © 2022 by the authors.
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    Efficiency and performance analyses of food companies via IDOCRIW, REF-II, and OCRA methods
    (Livre de Lyon, 2021) Aytekin, Ahmet; Ünvan, Yüksel Akay
    Financial performance analyses show the relationships between a company’s current operations and its monetary flows and assets. Companies will be able to see their market positions by putting financial performance analyses on a common platform and including other firms in the same sector. Companies will be able to compare their financial performance to that of others who are ahead of them, on par with them, or behind them. Companies might use the conclusions reached from these comparisons to design forward-looking policies.