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Öğe Amasya ili çevresel etki değerlendirmesi (ÇED) kararlarının ÇED yönetmeliği çerçevesinde incelenmesi ve ekonomik göstergelerle ilişkisinin analizi(Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi, 2024) Çoban, Nusret; Bilgin, AylaÇevre kirliliğinin önlenmesi ve doğal kaynakların daha verimli kullanılması amacıyla uluslararası gelişmelere bağlı olarak ülkemizde de çevreci politikalar geliştirilmiştir. 1983 yılında yayımlanan 2872 sayılı Çevre Kanunu’na bağlı olarak ilk defa 1993 yılında yürürlüğe giren Çevresel Etki Değerlendirmesi (ÇED) Yönetmeliği ülkemizde uygulanmaya başlanmıştır. Bu çalışma kapsamında yürürlüğe konmuş olan ÇED Yönetmeliği doğrultusunda 2000 yılından itibaren Amasya ilindeki ÇED uygulamalarının istatistiksel analizi yapılarak mevcut durum hakkında değerlendirme ortaya konulmuştur. Ayrıca, 2004-2022 tarihleri arasındaki Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK) il göstergeleri verilerinden yararlanılarak ÇED Yönetmeliği hükümleri kapsamında karar verilen yatırımların, gayri safi yurt içi hasıla (GSYH) ulusal hesaplamaları [GSYH (bin TL), kişi başına GSYH ($) ve kişi başına GSYH (TL)] ile ilişkisi grafik üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir. Amasya il sınırları içerisinde yapılması planlanan yatırımlarla ilgili 2000-2023 tarihleri arasında 37’si (%9) ÇED Yönetmeliği Ek-1 listesi ÇED Olumlu, 359’u (%91) ÇED Yönetmeliği Ek-2 listesi ÇED Gerekli Değildir kararı olmak üzere toplam 396 (%100) ÇED kararı verilmiştir. Karar sayıları üzerinden yapılan analizde, Amasya il sınırları içerisinde ÇED Yönetmeliği EK-2 listesi kapsamında tanımlanan yatırımların yüksek oranda projelendirildiği değerlendirilmiştir.Öğe Analysis of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Directive and the EIA decision in Turkey(Elsevier Science INC, 2015) Bilgin, AylaThe Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Directive first entered into force in the United States in 1969, and began to be implemented in many other countries by 1990. The first Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Directive in Turkey was published on February 7, 1993, under the Environmental Law No. 2872. The EIA Directive was revised seven times on June 23, 1997, June 6, 2002, December 16, 2003, July 17, 2008, October 3, 2013, and November 25, 2014. Several amendments were made during this process. The first EIA Directive dated 1993 was narrow in scope and its procedure was long, while the amendments in 2003, 2008, 2013, and 2014 widened the scope of the EIA, and shortened the EIA assessment procedures. In this study, the amendments to the Turkish EIA Directive were analysed, and their effect on the number of EIA decisions made was addressed. It was concluded that the uncertainties in EIA procedures were removed, procedures were shortened, and as a result, the number of EIA decisions increased thanks to the revisions made in line with harmonisation with European Union (EU) acquis.Öğe Application of mineral-based amendments for enhancing phytostabilization in lolium perenne L. cultivation(Wiley, 2018) Radziemska, Maja; Bilgin, Ayla; Vaverkova, Magdalena D.An experimental investigation is conducted to explore the suitability of Lolium perenne L., diatomite, chalcedonite, dolomite, and limestone for the phytostabilization of Ni and Cu in contaminated soil. A controlled greenhouse study is conducted. The soil is enriched with rising dose of Cu and Ni, that is, (0, 150, 250, and 350 mg kg(-1)) and (0, 150, 300, and 450 mg kg(-1)), respectively. The phytostabilization potential of perennial ryegrass is evaluated using a bioaccumulation coefficient and translocation factor. Pseudo-total and available metal content (0.01M CaCl2) in soils and bioaccumulated content in plants are defined in laboratory experiments using spectrophotometry experimental technique. L. perenne is adequate in phytostabilization aided programs, simultaneously, diatomite, chalcedonite, dolomite, and limestone used as modifiers are effective in reducing the accessibility and mobility of metals in Cu-and Ni-polluted soils. The finding of the present study suggests that the studied element in the roots and above-ground parts of L. perenne differs significantly upon applying mineral-based modifications to the soil, synchronously the effect of increasing Cu and Ni levels. Application of dolomite and limestone to the soil cause the highest percentage of the above-ground biomass. Diatomite along with limestone cause a significant boost of Cu and Ni absorption in the roots. Limestone causes an increase in the contents of K, Na, and Ca, as well as a reduction in P in the above-ground parts of L. perenne. Limestone and chalcedonite leads to the highest decrease in available Cu and Ni.Öğe Assessment of heavy metal pollution in soil and sediments of Murgul copper mine and its surroundings(Kastamonu Üniversitesi, 2020) Sağlam, Bülent; Bilgin, Ayla; Aybar, MustafaAbstract Aim of study: This study focuses on the changes of heavy metal pollution in soil and sediment. Study area: The study area covers Murgul district of Artvin located over the Eastern Black Sea region, Turkey. Material and method: Sampling areas were determined at distances in the direction of surface flow along the stream route where waste water was discharged by assuming the Copper Plant as the central point. A total of 54 soil and 10 sediment samples were taken from sampling points. Main results: The results of analysis of soil and sediment samples indicated that the mean values of Copper, Lead and Zinc were remarkably higher than the threshold values and the soil pH decreased as it moved away from the center point. The contaminated sediments, deposited over the years in the river bank sediments may act as secondary source of pollution to the covering water column in the river. Research highlights: Heavy metals from the soil during the rehabilitation activities to be applied in the mining sites, it is suggested to investigate the phytoremediation techniques, which are very successful and effective methods both economically and ecologically, and to use appropriate plant species in the rehabilitation areasÖğe Assessment of lake water quality using multivariate statistical techniques and chlorophyll-nutrient relationships: a case study of the Göksu Lake(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2021) Bilgin, Ayla; Bayraktar, Hatice DündarThis study aimed to evaluate the water quality of the Göksu Lake, which is located in Ankara, Turkey. For this purpose, multivariate statistical analyses, namely, principal component analysis/factor analysis, regression analysis and cluster analysis, and linear regression analysis, were used to determine the relationship between the nutrients. In order to evaluate the status of the lake water quality, the limiting nutrient element was determined using the total nitrogen to total phosphorus ratio (TN/TP). The water quality parameters were selected as pH, turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids (SS), dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total nitrogen (TN), chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), total phosphorus (TP), color, fecal coliform (FC), and total coliform (TC) count. For the cluster analysis, the single-link clustering method using Euclidean distance criteria was preferred. Cluster I consisted of sites 1, 2, 3, and 4, while cluster II consisted of site 5. Two factors were obtained as a result of the factor analysis. These two factors explained 88.2% of the total variance. The first factor clarifies the 45.62% of total variance has pH, COD, DO, TN, TP, color, BOD, and TC strong positive load value. This factor was thought to represent domestic wastewater. The second factor that affects water quality clarifies the 42.54% of total variance has turbidity, SS, Chl-a, and FC strong positive load value. This factor was thought to represent the microbiological activities that occurred as a result of the mixing of wastewaters and also pollution accumulating in the bottom sediment. The nutrient-limiting elements in the water lake quality are determined with TN/TP ratio. Accordingly, the lake water quality was determined as N-limited at two points and co-limited at three points. The relationship between the nutrients was evaluated using regression analysis.Öğe Assessment of lake water quality using trophic state index and multivariable statistical analysis: A case study of Karagöl, Şavşat, Turkey(American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), 2022) Bilgin, AylaThe study area is the lake located within the Karagöl-Sahara National Park, which is one of the important tourism regions of Turkey. This area, with its rich biodiversity and natural selection forests, is located in the Caucasus hotspot, which is defined as one of the 35 biodiversity hotspots in the world by the Conservation International. The aim of the study was to evaluate the water quality of Karagöl using the trophic state index (TSI) and multivariate statistical analysis. For this purpose, water samples were taken from six points on the lake surface from July to August in 2021. Water samples were taken from points where polluting factors are concentrated. Parameters measured to assess water quality are total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), secchi disc (SD), chlorophyll (Chla), pH, electrical conductivity (EC), dissolved oxygen (DO), suspended solids, and turbidity. The index proposed by Carslon was used for the trophic classification of the lake ecosystem. This index is evaluated by considering the relationships between chlorophyll (Chla), total phosphorus (TP), and secchi disc depth (SD) for lakes. Relationships between data were evaluated using multivariate statistical analysis. Statistical methods used in the evaluation of data are principal component analysis (PCA). With the trophic status index, the water quality of the lake was found to be close to the mesotrophic level. As a result of the PCA analysis, it was calculated that two important factors are important in the lake water quality.Öğe Assessment of the effect of reactive materials on the content of selected elements in Indian mustard grown in Cu-contaminated soils(Institute for Land Reclamation and Grassland Farming, 2016) Radziemska, Maja; Jeznach, Jerzy; Mazur, Zbigniew; Fronczyk, Joanna; Bilgin, AylaZero-valent iron (ZVI) represent a promising agent for environmental remediation. The research was aimed to determine the influence of copper in doses of 0, 80, 150, 300, and 600 mg Cu·kg-1 of soil as well as ZVI, and lignite additives on the content of macroelements in the Indian mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.). The average accumulation of analyzing elements in Indian mustard grown in copper contaminated soil were found to follow the decreasing order Mg > Na > P > Ca > K > N. Soil contamination at 600 mg Cu·kg-1 of soil led to the highest increase in P, Mg, N, and Ca content. The application of ZVI had a positive influence on the average phosphorus and potassium content of Indian mustard. Moreover, the application of ZVI and lignite had a positive influence on the average Mg and Ca content in the above-ground parts of Indian mustard. From the analyzed reactive materials, the application of lignite was shown to be the most effective resulting in the decrease in the average nitrogen and calcium content when compared to the control crop. Calcium content in plants from the control group, without the addition of zero-valent iron, and powered lignite (control), was positively correlated with increasing doses of copper.Öğe An assessment of the perspectives of university students on environmental issues in Turkey(Parlar Scientific Publications, 2017) Bilgin, Ayla; Balkaya, NilgunThis study aimed to determine the perspectives of university students about current environmental problems, and students' opinions and ideas on environmental issues and certain current environmental concepts. To this end, a survey study was administered to a total of 446 students continuing their education in various faculties and colleges at the Avcilar Campus of Istanbul University between February and June 2014. The survey studies investigated whether the perspectives of university students about current environmental problems and their opinions and ideas about environmental issues and certain current environmental concepts differed or not based on faculties and colleges in which they were receiving higher education, on gender, and class level (for the students of Environmental Engineering). It was concluded that 37% of university students who participated in the survey deemed air pollution as the most important environmental issue in the environment in which they lived; and when they assessed the said environmental issue based on the level of importance, 86.7% of the students observed air pollution as the most important environmental pollution, and that environmental awareness and anxiety of risk of female students was higher compared to male students. Furthermore, 93% of students were knowledgeable about global warming and climate change, which is a new environmental concept; that they were not knowledgeable about the concepts of carbon footprint, ecological footprint and water footprint; and that 90% were informed about issues related to the environment through the internet and 67% through television. It was also noted that environmental engineering students had higher knowledge/awareness about the environment compared to other faculty and college students and that the awareness was found to increase in the upper years.Öğe An assessment of water quality in the Coruh Basin (Turkey) using multivariate statistical techniques(Springer, 2015) Bilgin, AylaThe purpose of this study was to assess theimpact of 24 water parameters, measured semi-annuallybetween 2011 and 2013 in Coruh Basin (Turkey), basedon the quality of the water. The study utilised analysis ofvariance (ANOVA), principal component analysis(PCA) and factor analysis (FA) methods. The water-quality data was obtained from a total of four sites bythe 26th Regional Directorate of the State HydraulicWorks (DSI). ANOVA was carried out to identify thedifferences between the parameters at the different mea-suring sites. The variables were classified using factoranalysis, and at the end of the ANOVA test, it wasestablished that there was a statistically significant dif-ference between the downstream and upstream wastewaters released by the Black Sea copper companies andbetween the Murgul and Borcka Dams, in terms of waterquality, while no statistically significant difference wasobserved between the Murgul and Borcka Dams. It wasdetermined through factor analysis that five factors ex-plained 81.3 % of the total variance. It was concludedthat domestic, industrial and agricultural activities, incombination with physicochemical properties, were fac-tors affecting the quality of the water in the Coruh BasinÖğe Borçka baraj gölü su kalitesinin çok değişkenli istatistiksel yöntemle değerlendirilmesi(Celal Bayar Üniversitesi, 2015) Bilgin, AylaBorcka Dam is the second dam of Lower Coruh Basin located in Artvin Province and 2.5 km upstream of the Borcka District. In this study, water quality measurements done by Artvin Provincial Directorate of Environment and Urbanization in 2013 were used in order to evaluate the water quality of Borcka Reservoir. Samples were collected from surface, middle and deep levels of the reservoir at four different points and total phosphorus, total nitrogen, chlorophyll-a values and terraces disk depth values were measured. ANOVA and factor analysis/principal component analysis were used to evaluate the data obtained. According to the results of ANOVA analysis, there is a statically significant difference between surface and deep levels of the lake in terms of total phosphorus and total nitrogen parameters within a confidence interval of 95%, and there is also statically significant difference between surface, middle and deep levels of the lake in terms of chlorophyll-a parameters. As a result of the factor analysis, 1 factor with eigenvalues>1 for each and with a ratio gradually decreasing compared to the total variance is determined. This factor explains 78.01% of the total variance. The water quality data of Borcka Reservoir is evaluated according to the Limit Values of Trophic Classification System of Lakes, Small Lakes and Reservoirs presented in “Surface Water Quality Management Regulations” published in the OfficialÖğe Chemical composition and hazardous effects of leachate from the active municipal solid waste landfill surrounded by farmlands(MDPI AG, 2020) Vaverková, Magdalena Daria; Elbl, Jakub; Koda, Eugeniusz; Adamcová, Dana; Bilgin, Ayla; Lukas, Vojt ˇech; Podlasek, Anna; Kintl, Antonín; Wdowska, Małgorzata; Brtnický, Martin; Zloch, JanLandfill leachates are potentially harmful to the environment and to human health.The objective of this study was to characterize leachates in order to analyze whether a relationshipexists between the stored waste and the composition of leachates, and to detect possible leakages ofpollutants into the environment. To achieve these objectives, field data, Global Positioning Systemdata and physico-chemical data were used. Biological tests are becoming increasingly popularin determining leachate toxicity; therefore, two toxicity tests were performed with the seeds ofwhite mustard (Sinapis albaL.) and duckweed (Lemna minorL.). Leachates were sampled from theleachate pond. Groundwater quality was monitored by using drill holes. The research and analysiscarried out are important to determine their potential impact on agricultural areas located near thelandfill. Demonstrably increased (P<0.05) concentrations of heavy metals were detected only inthe leachate pond which closes the landfill body, where it links up with the landfill insulation layer.Water sampled from drill holes reaching into groundwater was not contaminated. The results showedthat the leachates did not leak outside the landfill. Nevertheless, they were found to be phytotoxic.Both toxicity tests showed that the increasing amount of leachates resulted in the increasing growthinhibition of the tested plants. The proper handling of leachates should have been ensured.Öğe Concept of aided phytostabilization of contaminated soils in postindustrial areas(MDPI, 2018) Radziemska, Maja; Koda, Eugeniusz; Bilgin, Ayla; Vaverkova, Mgdalena D.The experiment was carried out in order to evaluate the effects of trace element immobilizing soil amendments, i.e., chalcedonite, dolomite, halloysite, and diatomite on the chemical characteristics of soil contaminated with Cr and the uptake of metals by plants. The study utilized analysis of variance (ANOVA), principal component analysis (PCA) and Factor Analysis (FA). The content of trace elements in plants, pseudo-total and extracted by 0.01 M CaCl2, were determined using the method of spectrophotometry. All of the investigated element contents in the tested parts of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) differed significantly in the case of applying amendments to the soil, as well as Cr contamination. The greatest average above-ground biomass was observed when halloysite and dolomite were amended to the soil. Halloysite caused significant increases of Cr concentrations in the roots. The obtained values of bioconcentration and translocation factors observed for halloysite treatment indicate the effectiveness of using Indian mustard in phytostabilization techniques. The addition of diatomite significantly increased soil pH. Halloysite and chalcedonite were shown to be the most effective and decreased the average Cr, Cu and Zn contents in soil.Öğe Effects of forest fires on water sources(Celal Bayar Üniversitesi, 2016) Bilgin, Ayla; Aybar, Mustafa; Sağlam, BülentEnvironmental pollution is the most important factor concerning destruction of water, soil and air ecosystems in the world. Water sources are one of the areas mostly affected by environmental pollution. It is required to obtain sustainable and accurate data concerning water quality so that qualifications, areal and temporal change of water sources can be understood. Quality of water sources from water basins consisting of forest lands might deteriorate due to natural disasters, forestry activities and use of forest lands for recreation purposes. Quality of water from forests which are not destructed or deteriorated due to natural disasters is generally quite high. Even though forest fires are favorable for the health of forests in the long term, they affect water quality of streams, lakes and rivers in water basins negatively. Researches reveal that forest fires or incineration of production waste in forests result in increase of chemical element amount on the soil surface. Certain amount of such elements remain dissolved, while others reach water sources through sediments. It is identified that N, P, K, Mg, Na, Ca, Mn, Cl and HCO3 concentrations increase 2 to 100 times in these sources. According to statistical data of the last 25 years, 2070 (on the average) forest fires occured and 11245 ha forest area is burned every year in our country. These forest fires result in pollution of water sources in addition to major environmental effects.Öğe Evaluation of lake water quality using remote sensing technique and trophic state index(American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), 2025) Bilgin, Ayla; Saralioğlu, EkremIn this study, data were evaluated using remote sensing technique, multivariate statistical analysis technique, and trophic status index calculations in order to evaluate the water quality of the dam lake. In the study, water quality data of Borcka Dam Reservoir located in Çoruh River Basin, which is one of the important basins in the Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey, were used. Data were obtained from Artvin (Turkey) Environment and Urbanization Provincial Directorate. The data used in the study were taken from a total of seven points, including surface, middle, and bottom. In order to evaluate the water quality of the lake, the remote sensing technique was compared with the measurement data and evaluated. In the remote sensing technique, the trophic status of the lake was determined using chlorophyll-a and total solids data from Sentinel-2 satellite image of 2016. According to the TSI index and Turkish legislation, the dam lake is evaluated as mesotrophic in terms of TP and TN data of the dam lake water quality. The measurement results of these parameters are higher at the bottom and lower at the surface. Satellite data were compared with the Carlson trophic state index (TSI) calculation values calculated with the 2016 measurement data of chlorophyll-a (Chla), total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), and secchi disk (SD).Öğe Evaluation of surface water quality and heavy metal pollution of Coruh River Basin (Turkey) by multivariate statistical methods(Springer, 2016) Bilgin, Ayla; Konanç, Mustafa UmutIn this study, it was aimed to investigate the water quality data and heavy metal analysis results in Coruh basin by using multivariate statistical analysis methods. Measurement of 21 water quality parameters was evaluated by collecting monthly samples between June 2014 and May 2015 from 14 monitoring sites in Coruh basin. These data were interpreted by using statistical methods such as analysis of variance (ANOVA), cluster analysis, factor analysis/principal component analysis. According to ANOVA analysis, there are statistically significant differences between samples obtained from these 14 monitoring sites in terms of electrical conductivity, Zn, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, NO2, SO4, alkalinity, Na, K, Ca parameters (p < 0.05). Two groups were obtained by cluster analysis. The first group consists of the areas with wastewater of mining fields with high heavy metal pollution, and the second group includes areas with domestic wastewater and wastewater coming from agricultural areas causing less pollution. As a result of factor analysis/principal component analysis, four factors were determined. These four factors explain 62.7 % of the data of water quality. It is concluded that water quality is affected by mining activities, domestic wastewater, geological structure and wastewater of agricultural areas. In this study, environmental hazards affecting the water quality of Coruh river basin at different points are identified. Thus, it is expected to guide decision makers and administrators in environmental management works conducted to improve water quality in Coruh basin.Öğe Evaluation of surface water quality by using Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCME WQI) method and discriminant analysis method: a case study Coruh River Basin(Springer, 2018) Bilgin, AylaIn this study, the water quality of the Coruh River Basin, which is located in the Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey, was evaluated. The water quality data measurement results obtained by the State Hydraulic Works 26th Regional Directorate from four different sites over a course of 4 years between the years 2011 and 2014 in the Coruh River Basin were used as the data. In this study, the water quality was evaluated by using the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environmental Water Quality Index (CCME WQI) method and discriminant analysis (DA). The water quality of the Coruh River Basin was calculated as 30.4 and 71.35 by using the CCME WQI and classified as "poor," "marginal," and "fair". These values show that the water of the Coruh River Basin is degraded and under threat and its overall quality is not close to natural or desired levels. The monitoring sites were divided into two groups by the cluster analysis (CA). DA is a multivariate analysis technique used to divide individuals or objects into different groups and assign them into predetermined groups. As a result of DA, calcium (Ca) and sulfate (SO4) were determined to be significant parameters in the determination of the water quality of the Coruh River Basin. The success of DA depends on the percentage of correct classification. As a result of the analysis, 23% of the parameters in the first measurement point, 69.2% of the parameters in the second and third measurement points, and 76.9% of the parameters in the fourth measurement point were classified correctly. Since the second measurement point is the discharge point of a copper mine, it can be said that the water quality parameters measured may provide accurate results in detecting pollution at this point.Öğe Fitoremediasyon yöntemi ile topraktaki ağır metallerin giderimi(Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi, 2015) Aybar, Mustafa; Bilgin, Ayla; Sağlam, BülentGünümüzde insan sağlığını olumsuz yönde etkileyen önemli faktörlerin başında çevresel kirlilikler gelmektedir. Hayat standartlarının artması, kentlerdeki hızlı nüfus artışı ve bunun yanında sanayinin gelişmesi ile birlikte oluşan atıklar çevreyi olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Endüstriyel faaliyetler sonucunda çevreye yayılan kirleticilerin giderilmesi için çeşitli yöntemler kullanılmaktadır. Bu yöntemlerin çoğunda ileri teknolojiler kullanılır. Bu ise yüksek yatırım ve işletme maliyetlerinin yanında yetişmiş eleman ihtiyacını da zorunlu kılar. Gelişmiş ülkeler bu olumsuz koşulları dikkate alarak son yıllarda diğerlerine nazaran daha çevre dostu bir arıtma sistemi olan fitoremediasyonu (bitkisel ıslah sistemleri) geliştirmişlerdir. Bitkisel ıslah olarak da bilinen fitoremediasyon ortamda bulunan kirleticilerin giderilmesinde veya etkisiz hale getirilmesinde çeşitli bitkilerin kullanılması şeklinde tanımlanmaktadır. Diğer ıslah teknolojileri ile karşılaştırıldığında fitoremediasyon; yerinde arıtım sağlaması, estetik açıdan memnun edici ve düşük maliyetli olması gibi avantajlara sahiptir. Hardal (Brassicajuncea), Kırmızı Yumak (Festucarubra), Karahindiba (Taraxacumofficinale) gibi hiperakümülatör bitkiler ağır metalleri bünyelerinde tutup gaz formuna dönüştürerek doğaya saldıkları bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada, toprak kirliliğinin giderilmesinde kullanılabilecek fitoremediasyon teknolojisi, bitki türleri ve ülkemiz açısından uygulanabilirliği ortaya konulmaktadır.Öğe Immobilization of potentially toxic elements (PTE) by mineral-based amendments: Remediation of contaminated soils in post-industrial sites(MDPI AG, 2020) Radziemska, Maja; Bȩś, Agnieszka; Gusiatin, Zygmunt Mariusz; Majewski, Grzegorz; Mazur, Zbigniew; Bilgin, Ayla; Jaskulska, Iwona; Brtnicky, MartinIn many post-industrial sites, the high contents and high mobility of different potentially toxic elements (PTEs) make the soils unsuitable for effective management and use. Therefore, immobilization of PTE seems to be the best remediation option for such areas. In the present study, soil samples were collected in post-industrial areas in Northeastern Poland. The analyzed soil was characterized by especially high contents of Cd (22 mg·kg?1), Pb (13 540 mg·kg?1), and Zn (8433 mg·kg?1). Yellow lupine (Lupinus luteus L.) and two types of mineral-based amendments were used to determine their combined remediation effect on PTE immobilization. A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of chalcedonite and halloysite on plant growth, chlorophyll a fluorescence, the leaf greenness index (SPAD), PTE uptake, and the physicochemical properties and toxicity of soil. The application of chalcedonite resulted in the greatest increase in soil pH, whereas halloysite contributed to the greatest reduction in the contents of Ni, Pb, Zn, and Cr in soil, compared with the control treatment. The addition of halloysite significantly increased plant biomass. The application of mineral-based amendments increased the ratio of variable fluorescence to maximum chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) in yellow lupine leaves. The leaf greenness index was highest in plants growing in soil amended with chalcedonite. The results of this study suggest that mineral-based amendments combined with yellow lupine could potentially be used for aided phytostabilization of multi-PTE contaminated soil in a post-industrial area.Öğe Impact of anthropogenic factors on the population structure of non-fish seafood in reservoirs of Azerbaijan(Polissia National University, 2025) Guliyeva, Farida; Guliyeva, Sanubar; Bilgin, Ayla; Guliyeva, LalaThe aim of the study was to establish the impact of anthropogenic factors on population size and structure. The article presented the results of a comprehensive empirical study aimed at assessing the influence of anthropogenic factors on the structure and abundance of shrimp (Palaemon elegans, Palaemon adspersus) and freshwater crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus, Pontastacus eichwaldi) populations in the conditions of Shamkir and Mingachevir reservoirs of Azerbaijan. In the period from June to August 2024, field surveys were conducted at sites with different degrees of pollution. The assessment included analyses of the density of individuals, age and sex composition, juvenile abundance and mortality, and spatial distribution of populations. For freshwater crayfish, the average density of Astacus leptodactylus ranged from 12 individuals/m2 (clean zones of the Shamkir reservoir) to 5 individuals/m2 (polluted zones of the Mingachevir reservoir). The number of Pontastacus eichwaldi varied from 7 to 2 individuals/m2. The share of juveniles in the population structure in clean areas reached 42% (Palaemon elegans) and 40% (Astacus leptodactylus), while in polluted areas it decreased to 15-20%. Mortality of juveniles up to 40% was recorded in sites with organic pollution. An imbalance in the sex composition was observed in areas with high levels of pollution: in Palaemon adspersus and Pontastacus eichwaldi the proportion of males exceeded 55%, while in clean areas females predominated or an equal ratio was maintained. The greatest decrease in the abundance of all species was observed in the Mingachevir reservoir – up to 60% for Pontastacus eichwaldi, which indicates the high sensitivity of the species to complex anthropogenic impact. The results showed that chemical pollution, recreational load and poaching are the determining factors of population degradation. A direct correlation between the level of anthropogenic impact and the decrease in abundance, disturbance of age and sex structure was established. Indicator indicators for monitoring the state of freshwater ecosystems were proposed. The obtained results can be used for development of monitoring programmes and ecological-restoration measures in aquatic ecosystems of Azerbaijan.Öğe Investigation of adsorption parameter effects on the removal of cyanide in water using clinoptilolite(Parlar Scientific Publications, 2014) Bilgin, Ayla; Hasdemir, Erdoğan; Atilla, MurathanNatural zeolite clinoptilolite is mined commercially in many areas of Turkey. The current study investigated the removal performance of clinoptilolite from the Manisa-Gordes area on cyanide, which is present in water. Clinoptilolite was broken into pieces, and separated into two particle sizes, -0.40/+0.32 mm and -0.71/+0.40 mm, and the effects of three different initial cyanide concentrations and three different flow rates on cyanide removal capacity were tested. According to batch experimental results, approximately 60% cyanide was removed from the water.
