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Effects of ammonium nitrate on physico-mechanical properties and formaldehyde contents of particleboard
(Elsevier Science BV, 2015) Aras, Uğur; Kalaycıoğlu, Hülya; Yel, Hüsnü; Bitek, Gizem
In this study, the effects of hardener type (ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate) and board thickness on the physical (density, thickness swelling and water absorption), mechanical (modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, internal bond strength, screw withdrawal resistance and surface durability) and formaldehyde content of particleboard were investigated. Three types panels were produced using 11-9% urea-formaldehyde adhesive (core and surface, respectively), with 650 kg/m(3) target density, 150 degrees C pressing temperature, 20-24 kg/cm(2) pressure, and 6 min of pressing time. The analyses revealed that use of ammonium nitrate for particleboard manufacturing resulted in improved water absorption and thickness swelling properties after 24 h of immersion in water. In addition, the using ammonium nitrate has no significant effect by Modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE). However, internal bond strength, screw withdrawal resistance and surface durability properties were positively affected by using ammonium nitrate. Formaldehyde content value was decreased by about 5%. The study demonstrated that the boards made of ammonium nitrate meet the requirements for general standard and building materials