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    Fatty acid composition of achenes of Cirsium taxa (Asteraceae, Carduoideae) from Turkey
    (Walter De Gruyter Gmbh, 2016) Özcan, Melahat; Ayaz, Faik Ahmet; Özoğul, Yeşim; Glew, Robert; Özoğul, Fatih
    The fatty acid compositions and total oil contents in achenes of 22 Cirsium taxa collected from different natural habitats in Turkey were investigated. The range of total fat in the taxa varied from 1.7% to 13.3%. The taxa contained palmitic (C16:0), stearic (C18:0), oleic (C18:1n-9), linoleic (C18:2n-6), and alpha-linolenic (C18:3n-3) acid. Polyunsaturated fatty acids had the highest level, ranging from 52.1% to 75.2% (C18:2n-6) and 0.5%-17.3% (C18: 3n-3). Total saturated (6.9%-17.4%), monounsaturated (11.7%-28.9%), and polyunsaturated (57.4%-79.9%) fatty acids varied substantially, whereas total unsaturated fatty acids ranged from 70.6% to 91.3%. Considerable variation was observed (P < 0.05) within each taxon for these fatty acids, especially alpha-linolenic acid (C18:3n-3). Fatty acid compositions of the 22 taxa were compared by cluster analysis (UPGMA) and principle component analysis (PCA) based on six major fatty acids. This is the first report on the lipid content and fatty acid composition of achenes of Cirsium taxa growing in different areas of Turkey. Fatty acid profiles, relative proportions and levels of fatty acids can be used as additional biochemical markers in the taxonomy of Cirsium.
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    Öğe
    Fatty acids of oil and antioxidant capacity of phenolics from fruits of 11 Cardueae (Carduoideae, Asteraceae) taxa from northeast Anatolia (Turkey)
    (Univ Belgrade, 2019) Kurt, Aynur; Özcan, Melahat; Çolak, Nesrin; Özoğul, Yeşim; Glew, Robert; Özoğul, Fatih; Ahmet Ayaz, Faik
    Members of the tribe Cardueae have become a subject of major interest due to problems of their taxonomy and phylogeny, their possession of biologically active metabolites and their use in traditional medicine. The present study was conducted on 11 taxa of the tribe Cardueae collected from natural habitats in Turkey. In it we investigated the oil content of cypselae, fatty acid composition of the oil and the antioxidant capacity of phenolics from the cypselae. The results showed that the total oil content ranged from 1.45 to 9.28%. The main fatty acid was linoleic acid (C18: 2n6; 44.36-70.49%), followed by oleic acid (C18: 1n9; 11.41-23.71%), a situation which varied significantly among the taxa, as did the concentrations of different sums of fatty acids (PUFAs, 45.21-78.82%; SFAs, 6.53-14.06%; MUFAs, 12.21-41.40%). The total content of phenolic compounds (TPC; 428.17-752.14 mg/100 g of dry weight) and total flavonoid content (TF; 132.19-336.41 mg/100 g of dry weight) were in strong positive correlation with antioxidant capacity (range; micromol/g of dry weight) determined using DPPH (65.94-147.9), FRAP (32.32-86.42), CUPRAC (41.04-92.91) and ORAC (22.11-51.24) assays. The data demonstrated that a higher content of phenolic compounds resulted in a higher antioxidant capacity, while a lower content resulted in a low antioxidant capacity. Relative proportions and quantities of fatty acids can be used as additional biochemical markers in taxonomy of the tribe. The present findings suggest that consumption of cypselae of those species that are rich in phenolic compounds and fatty acids may potentially be beneficial to human health by preventing chronic diseases caused by oxidative stress.