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Öğe The botanical, physicochemical, and biochemical characteristics of Northern Cyprus honeys(2023) Uçar, Meltem; Kemal, Mehmet; Kanbur, Esra Demir; Kara, Yakup; Özcelik, Ali Erdem; Kolaylı, SevgiHoney composition and biologically active properties vary according to the botanical and geographical characteristics of the region where it is produced. With this research, for the first time, the botanical, physico-chemical, and antioxidant properties of honeys from the Northern Cyprus region were investigated. The honeys were multi-floral properties and contained 33 variety pollens. The appearance of the honeys according to Hunter tritium color (L, a, b) values was as light-colored , greenness and yellowness. The proline amount varied from 657.39 to 1974.23 mg/kg. Sucrose was not detected in the samples, and the F/G ratios varied between 1.13 and 1.74. Total polyphenol content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) ranged from 19.10 to 83.90 mg GAE/100 g and 2.90 to 13.50 mg QUE/100 g, respectively. Total antioxidant capacities of the samples were tested by ferric-reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, and the results varied from 126.9 to 228.8 ?mol Fe2SO4.7H2O/100 g and 34.10 to 138.6 mg/mL, respectively. The phenolic profiles of the samples were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography–photodiode array detection (HPLC–PDA) with 25 standards, and chrysin and pinocembrin were discovered as the major components. In conclusion, the Northern Cyprus honeys are light-colored heterofloral blossom honeys. However, they are rich in eucalyptus, citrus, olives, thymus, and acacia.Öğe Characterization of the black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) honey from Türkiye(Elsevier Ltd, 2023) Kemal, Mehmet; Üreyen Esertaş, Ülkü Zeynep; Demir Kanbur, Esra; Kara, Yakup; Özçelik, Ali Erdem; Can, Zehra; Kolaylı, SevgiThis case report study investigated the botanical, physicochemical, and phenolic compositions, as well as the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of varying amounts of black cumin honey (Nigella sativa) from Burdur region of Türkiye. The samples had an average moisture value of 17.23% and a Nigella sativa pollen ratio ranging from 19% to 51%. Electrical conductivity (EC) values ranged from 0.36 to 0.54 mS/cm. The average color values of Hunter (L, a, b) were 43.55 (L*), 32.77 (a*), and 64.52 (b*), respectively. The proline contents were ranged from 875 to 1624 mg/kg. The average F/G ratio and F+G value were 1.43±0.11 and 68.75±4.75, respectively. The average of total phenolic (TP) and total flavonoid (TF) contents were 36.87±7.00 mg GAE/100 g and 5.63±1.45 mg QUE/100 g, respectively. The antioxidant capacities of the samples were tested using the ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays, with mean values of 179.40±25.35 μmol FeSO4.7H2O/100 g and 46.07±12.87 mg/mL, respectively. The phenolic composition of the samples were tested using the HPLC-PDA method with 25 phenolic standards. Gallic acid, p-OH benzoic acid, t-cinnamic acid, p-coumaric acid, chrysin, and pinocembrin were determined as common components. The samples exhibited high antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Chromobacterium violaceum, Bacillus cereus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Acinetobacter haemolyticus, but did not affect Candida albicans, Candida parapilopsis, or Mycobacterium smegmatis.Öğe Fluoroquinolone-triazole hybrid molecules: A comparative analysis of conventional and green synthetic methods, and evaluation of their biological activities(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2025) Ayvaz, Aslıhan; Demirbaş, Neslihan; Demirbaş, Ahmet; Ceylan, Şule; Çolak, Nesrin; Ayaz, Faik Ahmet; Kılıç, Ali Osman; Durukan, İnci; Kara, YakupIn this study, a series of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives was initially synthesized and subsequently incorporated into the fluoroquinolone scaffold via Mannich-type reactions. The reactions were conducted using conventional heating, ultrasound-assisted synthesis, and microwave irradiation techniques to determine the optimal reaction conditions. FTIR, NMR, and mass spectrometry analyses characterized the structures of the resulting compounds. Furthermore, the synthesized derivatives were assessed for their antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Their inhibitory activities against key enzymes, urease, α-amylase, α-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and tyrosinase, were also investigated, with several compounds exhibiting noteworthy bioactivity. Nearly all the synthesized hybrid compounds exhibited minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values comparable to standard antibacterial agents such as norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Except for 4-arylideneamino-1,2,4-triazole-3-one derivatives, all tested compounds demonstrated notable anti-urease activity. Furthermore, several newly synthesized molecules showed promising inhibitory effects against α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes.Öğe Physicochemical characteristics, phenolic components, and antioxidant capacities of lavender honey (lavandula spp.) from Isparta region of Türkiye(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2024) Kolayli, Sevgi; Can, Zehra; Kara, Yakup; Ozkok, Aslı; Özmert Ergin, Sema; Kemal, Mehmet; Demir Kanbur, EsraLavender honey is one of the most desirable blossom honeys for its unique taste and aromatic qualities and can vary significantly from one region to another. In this study, melissopalynological, physicochemical and antioxidant properties of lavender honey from the Isparta region of Türkiye were investigated. The ration of the Lavandula spp. pollen were identified ranging from 9 % to 76 % in the thirteen samples. The average pH, conductivity, moisture, Hunter Lab* and proline values were 3.72, 0.22 mS/cm, 17.17 %, L*: 66.56, a*: 66.32, b*:18.41 and 576.92 mg/kg, respectively. The average F+G and F/G were 67.66 % and 1.02, respectively. The average of total phenolic (TP) and flavonoid (TF) substance were found to be 39.40 mg GAE/100 g and 3.23 mg QUE/100 g, respectively. The average total antioxidant capacity (FRAP) and DPPH radical scavenging activity values were found to be 178.28 ?mol FeSO? ? 7H?O/100 g and 53.09 mg/mL, respectively. In the phenolic component analysis performed with HPLC-PDA, p-OH-benzoic acid, p-coumaric acid, chrysin and pinocembrin were detected as common polyphenols in the samples. Conclusively, despite considerable variability in their monofloral characteristics, no significant differences were observed in the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of lavender honeys.Öğe Six Algerian plants: phenolic profile, antioxidant, antimicrobial activities associated with different simulated gastrointestinal digestion phases and antiproliferative properties(ELSEVIER, 2023) Er Kemal, Mehtap; Bakchiche, Boulanouar; Kemal, Mehmet; Cheraif, Kadour; Kara, Yakup; Bardaweel, Sanaa K.Mediterranean countries, including Algeria, have medicinal plants used in folk medicine, such as Artemisia campestris L., Artemisia herba-alba Asso, Juniperus phoenicea L., Juniperus oxycedrus L., Mentha pulegium L., and Lavandula angustifolia Mill. It is noteworthy that the bioaccessibility of their polyphenolic ingredients have not been critically evaluated before. Methods: The bioactive properties of the aqueous extracts of Artemisia campestris L., Artemisia herba-alba Asso, Juniperus phoenicea L., Juniperus oxycedrus L., Mentha pulegium L., and Lavandula angustifolia Mill. were investi- gated. They were subjected to a simulated gastrointestinal digestion to evaluate the antioxidant, antimicrobial activities and total polyphenol contents. Their antiproliferative activities against three human cancer cell lines (MCF-7, T47D, and Caco-2) were also performed using the aqueous extracts. The phenolic profile was also studied by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to ultraviolet spectrometry detector (RP-HPLC-UV). Results: The results indicated that bioaccessibility of total phenolic compounds after the post-gastric, intestinal, and colon phases was in the ranges of 4.34–11.57 %, 0–0.55 %, and 3.92–9.24 %, respectively when compared with their aqueous extracts. Intestinal and colon phase samples collected from intestinal digestion of six plant extracts did not have any antioxidant activity. Juniperus spp. extracts had the highest antiproliferative activity compared to the results obtained from other tested species. Conclusions: The high antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of Juniperus samples may be attributed to the higher levels of total phenols, as well as the catechins, rutin and caffeic acid, whilst M. pulegium extract with the lowest phenolic content and lower amounts of these metabolites, having p-coumaric acid as a predominant phenolic compound, was shown to be less effective as an antioxidant and anticancer agent.
