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Öğe Genetic analysis of village pear (Pyrus communis L.) cultivar populations in northeastern Türkiye(Cambridge University Press, 2024) Çoban, Abdulbaki; Uluğ, Asiye; Ateş, Mevlüde Alev; Yüksel, Emrah; Eminağaoğlu, Özgür; Kaya, Zeki; Özdemir Değirmenci, FundaPear (Pyrus communis L.) stands out as a prominent fruit species in temperate regions worldwide. The Çoruh River basin, nestled in the lower Caucasus in Türkiye, serves as a valuable repository of pear germplasm. To elucidate the genetic structure of pear populations in this region, 84 village pear cultivar genotypes (land races) from six villages, sample garden collections (SCC), and wild Panta root stock populations were analysed using eleven microsatellite markers. Genetic diversity and structure analyses indicated that village pear cultivar populations exhibit substantial genetic diversity and admixture. This diversity is attributed to local farming practices such as phenotypic selection and widespread dispersal of clonal materials. The genetic structure analysis, combined with the identification of private alleles, indicates that the pear genetic resources in the Çoruh river basin likely has originated from two gene pool sources, specifically the Meydancık and Camili village pear traditional cultivar populations. The Camili village pear cultivar population as a new in situ genetic reserve site has been proposed. Despite the existence an ex situ conservation site, the study suggests inadequateness of SCC as an ex situ site in capturing the full extent of genetic diversity of village pear cultivar genetic resources. Thus, enriching the genetic diversity in the SCC ex situ site is essential for effective pear genetic resource conservation in the Çoruh river basin. These findings contribute valuable insights for the development of targeted conservation strategies, ensuring the preservation of pear genetic resources in this region.Öğe Genetic variation in cold hardiness and phenology between and within Turkish red pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) populations: Implications for seed transfer(DE GRUYTER POLAND, 2010) Kandemir, G. E.; Kaya, Zeki; Temel, Fatih; Önde, SertaçWind-pollinated seeds from 40 trees (half-sib families) were collected from each of six Turkish red pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) populations in southern Turkey. Two-year old seedlings were evaluated for growth, phenology and cold resistance in a common garden experiment established in Ankara, located outside the species' natural range. Each family was represented with a six-tree row plot within each of the three replications. The below freezing temperatures (-15.2 degrees C) observed in January and February of 2000 were sufficient to observe visually-assessable-cold damage to the seedlings. The populations significantly differed in all traits under investigation except for second flushing in 1999. Populations originating from more inland and higher elevation areas were more resistant to cold than coastal low elevation populations. Families within populations were significantly different as regards all traits except HT00. Family heritability for bud burst was 0.40, and ranged from 0.12 to 0.37 for height, and from 0.20 to 0.23 for bud set. Final height of cold damage prone seedlings was shorter than cold tolerant seedlings. Families with early bud-set, later bud-burst and shorter second flush shoots suffered less from cold damage. Considering the expected climate change in the eastern Mediterranean, there is a potential for using this species outside its natural range, especially in sites experiencing more continental climate since it will be possible to move the species 200-300 m in altitude and 2-3 degrees in latitude.Öğe Microsatellite (SSR) variation in Barley germplasm and its potential use for marker assisted selection in scald resistance breeding(2008) Dizkırıcı, Ayten; Guren, H. Elif; Önde, Sertaç; Temel, Fatih; Akar, Taner; Budak, Hikmet; Kaya, ZekiScald (caused by Rhynchosporium secalis) is one of the major plant diseases of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivation in central Anatolia and transitional zones of Turkey. Eighty barley germplasm consisting of 40 resistant and 40 sensitive lines provided by Central Research Institute of Field Crops were screened with six simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to assess the magnitude and pattern of genetic diversity, as well as to investigate potential use of these markers for efficient scald resistant breeding program in the future. Estimated genetic parameters indicated that scald resistant (He=0.43) and sensitive (He=0.40) barley lines still maintain large and similar magnitude of genetic diversity. However, genetic variation among the lines was higher in the sensitive lines (46%) than in the resistant lines (39%). Especially, the presence of high genetic diversity among resistant lines (e.g., R25, R39) suggests that this diversity could be an important drive in future scald resistant barley breeding programs. The results of this study also revealed that Bmag6 and Bmag206 as SSR markers could be utilized in pre-screening of large number of barley lines for future scald resistance breeding programs with reduced time, cost and labor.Öğe Population variation in drought resistance and its relationship with adaptive and physiological seedling traits in Turkish red pine (Pinus brutia Ten.)(TUBITAK Scientific & Technical Research Council Turkey, 2017) Kandemir, Gaye; Önde, Sertaç; Temel, Fatih; Kaya, ZekiVariation in drought resistance and its relationship with adaptive and physiological traits in forest trees are important in choosing suitable seed sources for reforestation and afforestation programs. A common garden experiment using 240 half-sib families originating from coastal and inland populations of Turkish red pine (Pinus brutia) in Turkey was set up with three replicates. The aims were to determine variation of drought damage, height growth, and phenology among populations and to investigate the relationship between drought damage and physiological traits (i.e. plant moisture stress and proline content). Three-year-old seedlings were subjected to drought treatment during the summer of 2000 and adaptive and physiological traits were measured. Except for bud burst, the majority of the variation resided between populations, leading to low heritability estimates for all traits. On average, inland populations were more resistant to drought and taller, with earlier bud burst and bud set times, than coastal populations. Proline content increased with higher drought damage, especially in cold-resistant and inland families. Inland populations are more drought-resistant than coastal populations. The results of the study demonstrate the possibility of selection for drought resistance for Turkish red pine at the population level.
