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    Assessment of intraspecific variability in the forest dormouse (dryomys nitedula) and woolly dormouse (dryomys laniger) from Türkiye and adjacent regions based on mitochondrial DNA
    (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2025) Çolak, Ercüment; Markov, Georgi; Selvi, Engin; Kankılıç, Teoman; Şeker, Perinçek Seçkinozan; Kocheva, Maria A.; Gospodinova, Milena K.; Çolak, Reyhan; Dimitrov, Hristo; Yiğit, Nuri
    This study aimed to reveal intraspecific variations in two Dryomys species distributed in Türkiye, based on mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b gene sequences, and to discuss the factors driving these variations in the context of phylogeography and genetic species concepts. As a result of Maximum Likelihood, Bayesian Inference, and Network analyses, which included haplogroups or lineages from Italy, Russia, the Caucasus, and Iran identified in previous studies, along with Turkish haplotypes, three major clades (MC1, MC2, and MC3) were identified within Dryomys nitedula. These clades began to diverge evolutionarily in the middle of the Late Miocene (8.82 million years ago) and exhibit significant genetic differences from one another. The Turkish haplotypes were divided into five distinct lineages (N1–N5), each within five subclades (SC1–SC5), which were nested within these MCs. These lineages, their geographical distributions, and the subspecies defined in previous studies that correspond to these lineages are as follows: N1 from the Thrace region (Dryomys nitedula wingei), N2 from the Black Sea region (potentially a new subspecies), N3 from western and central Anatolia (Dryomys nitedula phrygius), N4 from northeastern Anatolia (Dryomys nitedula tichomirowi), and N5 from eastern Anatolia (Dryomys nitedula pictus). The N2 lineage, distributed in areas close to the coastal side of the Eastern Black Sea region and with a range close to both N3 (D. n. phrygius) and N4 (D. n. tichomirowi), exhibited high genetic differentiation from these two lineages and was a candidate to be treated as a new subspecies of Dryomys nitedula in Türkiye. The N5 lineage, which includes haplotypes from the distribution areas of the populations initially classified as Dryomys pictus and later as Dryomys nitedula pictus in previous studies, was found to be more closely related to Dryomys nitedula kurdistanicus from the Zagros Mountains than to D. n. pictus from the central regions of Iran. Combining the results of this study with previous research, it is clear that the D. nitedula lineages in Türkiye, along with haplogroups or subspecies in neighboring regions diverged between the middle Late Miocene and Middle Pleistocene. This divergence is believed to have been driven by climatic cycles and geomorphological processes that shaped the topography of their distribution range. The high genetic diversity observed in the lineages of Anatolia suggests that the region may have served as a glacial refuge for D. nitedula. Similarly to the processes and factors shaping the evolution of D. nitedula, Dryomys laniger was found to have diverged into two lineages, western (L1) and eastern (L2 or Dryomys anatolicus), within its distribution range during the Late Pliocene (2.94 Mya). To make a more accurate taxonomic assessment of D. laniger, a larger number of samples is needed, and the distribution limits should be more clearly defined.
  • Küçük Resim
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    Phylogenetic and phylogeographic relationships of populations of Meriones tristrami Thomas, 1892 (Rodentia: Gerbillinae) in Turkey as inferred from Cytochrome-b and RFLP analysis
    (Bulgarska Akademiya na Naukite, 2020) Yiğit, Nuri; Çolak, Ercüment; Markov, Georgi; Yiğit, Fulya Saygılı; Çolak, Reyhan; Çetintürk, Derya; Şeker, Perinçek Seçkinozan; Selvi, Engin
    The present study aimed to reveal the relationship between the genetic diversity of Tristram’s jird Meriones tristrami subpopulations by using cyt-b sequences, the amplified fragments of cyt-b produced by restriction endonuclease (RFLP; Msp I, Rsa I, Noc I and Hae III were used) and the distribution on the Anatolian Peninsula. Eighteen haplotypes were identified in the subpopulations of this species, with the highest nucleotide diversity in the Central Anatolia. The haplotype diversity was determined to be 0.970 among subpopulations. The fixation index (Fst) and the gene flow parameter (Nm) based on cyt-b sequences showed the effective gene flow between the western and south-eastern subpopulations. Both cyt-b sequences and RFLP analyses produced almost similar topology in the Bayesian and UPGMA trees, indicating a gene flow from subpopulations of the South-east to Central Anatolia and the Western Black Sea coast. The main factor for the genetic diversity is considered to be the intermittent distribution from west to east as a result of the great altitude of the Eastern Anatolian Plateau as well as the sea and lake system fragmenting the territory of Anatolia in the Pliocene – Pleistocene Age