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    Nonlinear seismic damage analysis of low-rise masonry buildings using different materials
    (PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2025) Roudane, Boudjamaa; Kaya, Ali; Adanur, Süleyman
    Masonry buildings represent inherently complex construction systems, with their seismic response behavior still not fully understood. Ensuring life safety in masonry structures subjected to seismic excitations is of paramount importance, which underscores the need for advanced numerical modeling and comprehensive analysis. This requirement is particularly critical due to the inadequate seismic resistance observed in certain key aspects, including mechanical properties and the number of stories. Consequently, numerical studies have become indispensable for understanding the seismic behavior of low-rise buildings. This paper addresses this gap through a numerical investigation into the seismic performance of unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings with varying floor counts. The analysis integrates four material properties derived from experimental data available in the literature. For each building, a detailed three-dimensional (3D) continuum Finite Element Model (FEM) is developed, employing nonlinear Time History analysis as the primary analytical method. The Concrete Damage Plasticity (CDP) model is applied to simulate the masonry walls and concrete components. This study encompasses modal analysis, static response analysis, and seismic response analysis of the buildings. The findings, based on both undamaged and damaged models, are carefully evaluated and compared, covering modal behaviors, natural frequency values, mode shapes, displacement and stress distributions, and damage patterns. Furthermore, the research seeks to offer insights into how these structural dynamic parameters affect the structural response and failure modes under various seismic loads. Finally, conclusions and recommendations are provided for addressing damage in masonry building walls.
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    Structural response of half-scale pumice concrete masonry building: Shake table/ambient vibration tests and FE analysis
    (Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2024) Kaya, Ali; Roudane, Boudjamaa; Adanur, Süleyman; Sunca, Fezayil; Genç, Ali Fuat; Gunaydin, Murat; Altunışık, Ahmet Can
    Seismic performance evaluation of masonry structures is of paramount importance for ensuring the safety and resilience of buildings in earthquake-prone regions. There are limited number of studies on pumice elements in the literature. In addition, there are almost no studies investigating the earthquake behavior of pumice masonry building as a whole structure. In this context, a comprehensive understanding of their seismic response and dynamic characteristics has been lacking. To address this knowledge gap, a shake-table experimental campaign was undertaken, wherein half-scale pumice masonry building was exposed to simulated seismic forces. To enhance the experimental findings, numerical simulations were performed to confirm and expand our comprehension of how the pumice masonry structure responds to dynamic forces. Integrating both experimental and numerical outcomes provides a holistic understanding of how pumice masonry buildings behave during seismic events. At the end of the experimental study, the frequency values of the pumice model were observed to decrease up to 23.5% in the modes compared to the undamaged state. In the numerical model, this value decreases up to 19.85%. For the undamaged and damaged model, the first three experimental mode shapes were similar to the numerical mode shapes. Both experimental and numerical results show that the expected damages occur in the same regions. These results show that nonlinear FE models can be helpful in determining potential damage model locations. The findings have implications for the seismic design and retrofitting of similar traditional masonry buildings, facilitating the development of resilient and sustainable engineering solutions in seismic-prone regions.
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    The effect of earthquake damages created by shaking table tests on dynamic characteristics of masonry structures
    (Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2023) Kaya, Ali; Roudane, Boudjamaa; Altunışık, Ahmet Can; Adanur, Süleyman
    Masonry constructions are edifices created through the amalgamation of fragile substances like stones, bricks, and pumice utilizing mortar. The masonry structures, which do not show the desired ductile behavior against dynamic effects, show a brittle behavior. In scenarios like earthquakes, when masonry structures surpass their load-bearing capabilities, this circumstance leads to heavy damage. Knowing the dynamic behavior of masonry constructions will help to take precaution to minimize the loss of life and property, since a significant part of people live in masonry buildings. Both analytical and experimental methods are employed to determine the damping ratios, natural frequencies and mode shapes of the buildings. which depend on the dynamic properties of the structures subjected to dynamic loads. This study explored variations in the dynamic attributes of a half-scale, single-span, and single-story masonry model constructed with hollow bricks under various damage scenarios. To acquire varying levels of damage cases, the model is tested on a shaking table with gradually different earthquake data. To observe the earthquake damages experimentally, the modal parameters of the masonry model were ascertained through ambient vibration tests conducted under both intact and impaired conditions. Also, A nonlinear analytical one-story masonry model is developed using finite element ABAQUS software with macro modelling methodology for examining the characteristics of masonry models subjected to different earthquakes. Six different test cases using same model are investigated analytically.