Tıbbi-Aromatik Bitkiler Uygulama Ve Araştırma Merkezi

Bu koleksiyon için kalıcı URI

https://hdl.handle.net/11494/4315

Listeleniyor 1 - 20 / 42

Phytochemical and antioxidant characterization of centaurea macrocephala Willd.: With notes on chemotaxonomic relevance
(Giresun Üniversitesi, 2025) Aksu Kalmuk, Nurşen
Centaurea macrocephala Willd. (Asteraceae), fitokimyasal bileşimi ve kemotaksonomik sınıflandırması açısından nispeten az çalışılmış, çok yıllık otsu bir bitkidir. Çeşitli Centaurea türleri tıbbi özellikleriyle geniş ölçüde tanınmaktadır. Ancak C. macrocephala’nın fenolik bileşimi, antioksidan aktivitesi ve uçucu bileşen profili büyük ölçüde araştırılmamıştır. Bu çalışma, C. macrocephala'nın çiçek, yaprak ve gövde kısımlarına odaklanarak fitokimyasal profilini ve antioksidan özelliklerini kapsamlı bir şekilde değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Fenolik bileşim, Yüksek Performanslı Sıvı Kromatografi (HPLC) yöntemiyle belirlenirken, antioksidan aktivite ise Demir İyonu İndirgeme Antioksidan Gücü (FRAP) ve Bakır İyonu İndirgeme Kapasitesi (CUPRAC) analizleriyle ölçülmüştür. Ayrıca, uçucu bileşenler Katı Faz Mikroekstraksiyon ile Eşleştirilmiş Gaz Kromatografi-Kütle Spektrometrisi (GC-MS-SPME) yöntemi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Yapraklar, toplam fenolik ve flavonoid bileşiklerin en yüksek düzeylerini göstermiştir; bu durum, FRAP ve CUPRAC sonuçlarında gözlemlenen daha güçlü antioksidan tepkileri açıklayabilir. HPLC analizi, klorojenik asit, rutin ve kuersetin türevlerinin baskın fenolik bileşikler olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. GC-MS-SPME analizi, C. macrocephala'nın uçucu bileşik profilinin esas olarak aldehitler ve ketonlarla karakterize edildiğini göstermiştir. Bu durum, tipik olarak sekiterpenler açısından zengin olan diğer Centaurea türlerinden farklılık göstermektedir.
Naphthalen-1-yl Naphthalene-2-Sulfonate enhances arsenic uptake and phytoremediation efficiency in maize by regulating PSII performance and antioxidant responses
(Rabia Acemioğlu, 2025) Gümrükçüoğlu, Abidin; Altuntaş, Cansu
Arsenic (As) contamination of agricultural soils threatens crop productivity and food security globally. While chelate-assisted phytoextraction enhances metal bioavailability, conventional chelating agents often exacerbate phytotoxicity and are environmentally persistent, which limits their field application. This study evaluated naphthalene-1-yl naphthalene-2-sulfonate (NNS) as a dual-mechanism agent facilitating As accumulation while mitigating toxicity in Zea mays seedlings. NNS+As treatment increased As concentration by 69% compared to As alone, while reducing lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide by 37% each and moderating stress-induced proline accumulation by 37%. Antioxidant enzyme profiles were fundamentally altered: superoxide dismutase activity decreased 42% while catalase (86%), ascorbate peroxidase (25%), and guaiacol peroxidase (13%) activities increased significantly, enhancing H₂O₂ detoxification capacity. Non-enzymatic antioxidants increased substantially with NNS+As treatment: epicatechin (90%), chlorogenic acid (42%), syringic acid (42%), resveratrol (39%), and rutin (17%). Photosynthetic parameters showed remarkable recovery net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance increased 95-96% compared to As alone treatment, while intercellular CO₂ concentration increased 63%. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis revealed improved photosystem II efficiency, with maximum and effective quantum yields increasing 18% and 15%, respectively, while non-photochemical quenching decreased 7-17%. These findings demonstrate NNS functions as an innovative dual-action phytoremediation enhancer, simultaneously promoting As bioaccumulation while maintaining photosynthetic functionality and cellular redox homeostasis, representing a promising environmentally sustainable alternative for integrated contaminant removal and crop protection strategies.
Preparation and characterization of activated carbon from acorn cups via HCL-FECL₂ co-activation for hydrogen generation through NABH₄ solvolysis
(Bilal Gümüş, 2025) Işık, Uğur
This current study reports the synthesis, characterization, and optimization of a novel catalyst (Ac-HCl-Fe) derived from Acorn cups biomass waste for hydrogen production via sodium borohydride (NaBH₄) solvolysis. The catalyst characterization was conducted using FTIR, SEM, and SEM-EDX techniques. Catalytic performance tests showed the efficiency of Ac-HCl-Fe in hydrogen generation, with parameters including catalyst loading, NaBH₄ quantity, and reaction temperature significantly influencing the kinetics. Remarkably, the NaBH₄ methanolysis reaction catalyzed by Ac-HCl-Fe was completed in 4.0 minutes, while the NaBH4 solvolysis in a binary propylene glycol/methanol (1:1, v/v) solvent system reached completion within just 0.9 minutes, producing a similar volume of hydrogen (~670 mL). The HGR was determined to be 68,300 mL min⁻¹gcat⁻¹ for the NaBH₄ solvolysis reaction conducted in a binary propylene glycol/methanol (1:1, v/v) solvent system at 30 °C. In addition, the effective activation energy was calculated to be 32.36 kJ/mol, that is relatively low compared to other activated carbon-based catalysts reported for similar applications. Overall, the results show that Ac-HCl-Fe is a promising, efficient, and sustainable catalyst for hydrogen generation by solvolysis of NaBH₄, especially in binary solvent systems.
Comparative analysis of phenolic profiles and antioxidant capacities in the flowers, leaves, and stems of Hypericum montanum L.
(MİRAÇ OCAK, 2025) Aksu Kalmuk, Nurşen
This study presents the first comprehensive organ-based analysis in the literature in which the quantitative distribution of 25 phenolic compounds in the flower, leaf, and stem methanolic extracts of Hypericum montanum L. was evaluated and supported by antioxidant assays. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined for each organ, and antioxidant capacities were assessed using DPPH, FRAP, and CUPRAC methods. The results revealed notable chemical differences among the plant organs. In the floral tissue, high levels of flavonoids such as epicatechin, catechin, hesperetin, and quercetin were detected, which corresponded well with the strong antioxidant activity observed in the CUPRAC and DPPH assays. Phenolic acids such as rosmarinic acid and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, which were abundant in the leaf tissue, were consistent with high FRAP values. These findings suggest that certain organs of the plant may have potential for inclusion in natural antioxidant-enriched formulations. Additionally, the phenolic composition data may offer preliminary insights into the chemotaxonomic differentiation of H. montanum from morphologically similar species. In this respect, the study provides supplementary evidence that could contribute to future taxonomic evaluations. Overall, the findings lay a foundation for more detailed investigations into the phytochemical and biological properties of H. montanum.
The effect of naphthalen-1-yl 2,4,6-trimethyl benzenesulfonate on micronutrient and elemental balance in Zea mays L. Under cadmium stress
(MİRAÇ OCAK, 2025) Gümrükçüoğlu, Abidin; Altuntaş, Cansu; Yetişsin, Fuat; Demiralay, Mehmet
Cadmium (Cd) stress disrupts nutrient and elemental homeostasis in plants, thereby inhibiting growth and threatening food safety. Exogenous treatments can mitigate the adverse effects of Cd while enhancing the uptake of essential nutrients from the soil. Although the newly synthesized antioxidant naphthalen-1-yl 2, 4, 6-trimethylbenzenesulfonate (NTB) has demonstrated high free-radical–scavenging capacity in abiotic stress tolerance, studies of its effects remain limited; moreover, no research has examined NTB’s impact on the elemental composition of plants under Cd stress. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate for the first time NTB’s potential to improve micronutrient efficiency and restore elemental homeostasis by assessing its influence on nutrient uptake and elemental balance in maize seedlings exposed to Cd stress. Three-week-old seedlings were pretreated with 0.25 mM NTB and then subjected to 100 μM Cd stress. Compared to Cd-stress, NTB+Cd treatment increased manganese (Mn) content by 85.4%, zinc (Zn) content by 43%, iron (Fe) content by 10.4% and copper (Cu) by 14.5%. Elemental analysis revealed that, NTB+Cd treatment exhibited a 5.5% increase in carbon (C) content and a 3% increase in hydrogen (H) content, alongside a 7.5% decrease in nitrogen (N) content; these shifts raised the C: N ratio by 12.7% and lowered the H: C ratio by 2.8% compared to the Cd stress. Notably, S content was detected only in NTB-treated seedlings, reaching 2.4% in the NTB-only treatment and 2.7% in the NTB+Cd. These findings demonstrate that 0.25 mM NTB treatment can effectively alleviate Cd toxicity by enhancing micronutrient uptake and restoring elemental balance.
Comprehensive phytochemical profiling and antioxidant assessment of Rhinanthus major var apterus Fr. Using GC-MS and HPLC-DAD analysis of volatile and phenolic compounds in leaf and flower tissues
(MİRAÇ OCAK, 2025) Gümrükçüoğlu, Abidin
This study represents the first comprehensive phytochemical characterization of Rhinanthus serotinus subsp. aestivalis, an understudied hemiparasitic species from the Orobanchaceae family. Using GC-MS and HPLC-DAD analyses, volatile and phenolic compound profiles were determined in leaf and flower extracts, along with antioxidant capacity evaluation via FRAP and CUPRAC assays. GC-MS analysis identified 16 volatile compounds, with matsutake alcohol (1-octen-3-ol) as the predominant constituent at exceptionally high concentrations (68.42% in flowers, 38.34% in leaves), significantly exceeding levels reported in related species. HPLC analysis revealed distinct tissue-specific phenolic profiles, with leaves demonstrating superior total phenolic content (7.26±0.28 mg GAE/g) and antioxidant capacity compared to flowers. Notable compounds included rutin (828.69 ppm), rosmarinic acid (594.16 ppm), and ascorbic acid (289.89 ppm) in leaves, while flowers were enriched in trans-caffeic acid (459.07 ppm) and pyrogallol (1062.84 ppm). These findings establish R. serotinus subsp. aestivalis as a promising source of bioactive compounds with potential applications in natural product development, functional foods, and pharmaceutical research, while providing fundamental data for future pharmacognostic studies.
Immunomodulatory and skin-compatible effects of Amaranthus retroflexus volatile compounds: An in-silico network and pathway-based approach
(KEAI PUBLISHING LTD, 2025) Aytar, Erdi Can; Gümrükçüoğlu, Abidin; Torunoğlu, Emine İncilay; Al-Farraj, Saleh; Sillanpää, Mika
Background: This study investigated the phytochemical profile, in silico skin sensitization, cosmetic toxicity, and endocrine-disrupting potential of compounds from Amaranthus retroflexus identified through GC-MS analysis. Methods: Volatile constituents were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The safety profiles of the major compounds were evaluated through in silico toxicity prediction models, including keratinosens, local lymph node assay (LLNA) and human cell line activation test (h-CLAT), along with molecular docking analysis to assess their endocrine-disrupting potential. Results: A total of 39 distinct compounds were identified, with a predominant presence of unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters, including 9,12-octadecenoic acid, methyl ester (47.275 %) and 9-octadecenoic acid, methyl ester (22.790 %). Other notable compounds included methyl stearate (3.063 %), Squalene (9.687 %), and various alkanes. In silico skin sensitization analysis demonstrated that all five key compounds, including hexadecenoic acid methyl ester, methyl stearate, and squalene, fell within the applicability domain of the predictive models. High predictive confidence was observed in both the KeratinoSens and LLNA models, whereas the h-CLAT model exhibited lower predictive reliability. Cosmetic toxicity predictions revealed moderate to high risks for skin and eye irritation, particularly with Squalene, but the compounds were considered safe regarding systemic toxicity and photo-related effects. Furthermore, endocrine-disrupting potential was evaluated via in silico binding affinity analysis, which revealed minimal interaction with nuclear receptors. Conclusion: These findings highlight the potential of the plant extract for dermatological applications, while emphasizing the need for further evaluation of its safety in topical use.
Novel azo-substituted metallophthalocyanines (M: Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) bearing hydroxy, carbonyl, and methoxy groups: Synthesis and evaluation as pre-catalysts for the transfer hydrogenation of aldehydes and ketones
(ELSEVIER, 2025) Namlı, Mesut; Işık, Uğur; Kantar, Cihan; Şaşmaz, Selami; Aydemir, Murat
In this study, four novel metallophthalocyanine (MPc) compounds derived from phthalonitrile ligands incorporating o-vanillin were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated as pre-catalysts in the acetophenone and benzaldehyde transfer hydrogenation (TH) reactions. The molecular structures of the complexes were confirmed by FTIR and UV-Visible spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Among the complexes, copper phthalocyanine compound (5) exhibited the highest catalytic efficiency, promoting the acetophenone and benzaldehyde transfer hydrogenation reactions in propan-2-ol under inert conditions, and the corresponding alcohols have a 98 % conversion rate within 1 h (A1) and 99 % conversion within 6 h (K1). The results show that both the electronic effects of substituents on the phthalonitrile ligands and the central metal nature play key roles in determining the catalytic performance of the MPc complexes in TH reactions.
Investigation of antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of different extracts of Vitis labrusca fruit peels
(WILEY, 2025) Canbolat Gültekin, Deniz; Akmeşe, Osman; Gültekin, Ergün; Erşen Bak, Funda; Özkan, Ahmet İsmail; Turan, İbrahim; Demir, Selim; Aliyazıcıoğlu, Yüksel
Investigation of antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of propolis obtained from different locations of Artvin
(WILEY, 2025) Turan, İbrahim; Canbolat Gültekin, Deniz; Akmeşe, Osman; Gültekin, Ergün; Demir, Selim; Aliyazıcıoğlu, Yüksel
Molecular phylogeny of medicinal-aromatic plant Osmanthus decorus from Artvin, Türkiye
(KASTAMONU UNIVERSITY, 2025) Akyıldırım Beğen, Hayal; Eminağaoğlu, Özgür; Şeker, Perinçek Seçkinozan; Selçuk, Ahmet Yesari; Yakın, Batuhan Yaman; Tekiner Aydın, Nasibe; Saral Sarıyer, Ayşegül; Sarıyer, Emrah
Aim of study: The white flowers of Osmanthus species have been valued for centuries in medicinal and aromatic applications due to their distinct fragrance and chemical composition. Among the 27 species distributed globally, Osmanthus decorus is the only species endemic to the Caucasus region, found in Russia, Georgia, and Türkiye. O. decorus has a distinct distribution area around Artvin but has not been sufficiently studied at the molecular level regarding its differentiation from other species. Material and method: This study focuses on identifying the molecular differences between Turkish O. decorus samples and other species while constructing their phylogenies. Phylogenetic relationships were analyzed using Bayesian inference with universal DNA barcode markers (nrDNA ITS and cpDNA matK). Main results: The nuclear and chloroplast data were consistent, and all Caucasian Osmanthus specimens clustered into a strongly supported monophyletic group. As a result of the Bayesian analysis, it was determined that O. decorus does not clearly separate from other species within the genus. Research highlights: According to the results of BLAST analysis, it was determined that the samples from Russia and Georgia, which are geographically close to the samples from Türkiye, were 100% matched.
Phytochemical investigation, antimicrobial activities, and molecular docking studies on endemic Gelasia sericea (Aucher ex DC.) Zaika, Sukhor. & N.Kilian grown in Türkiye
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2025) Bozdal, Gözde; Korkmaz, Büşra; Abanoz, Murat Emre; Şahin, Büşra; Uzuner, Uğur; Bozdeveci, Arif; Makbul, Serdar; Yaylı, Nurettin
n this study, activity-guided isolation of the endemic Gelasia sericea (Aucher ex DC.) Zaika, Sukhor. & N.Kilian yielded five new compounds (8-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-6-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1H-isochromen-1-one (1), rel. (3 R,3′S)-8,8’-oxybis[6-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-1H-isochromen-1-one] (2), 3-O-(4-O-glyceryl)-α-D-xylopyranosyl-5-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one (3), 2-carboxyl-3-hydroxy-4′-methoxy-5-O-(3-O-glyceryl)-β-D-xylopyranosylbibenzyl (4), and 2-carboxyl-3,4’-dihydroxy-5-O-(β-D-apiofuranosyl)-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosylbibenzyl (5). Five known compounds as p-coumaric acid (6), scorzopigmecosite (7), scorzocreticin (8), quercetin (9), and kelampayoside A (10). Spectroscopic methods were used to characterise the structures of compounds 1–10. All the isolated compounds, except compound 10, exhibited an inhibition zone diameter of 10–12 mm against at least one of the nine different microorganisms tested. Compound 8 was found to be the most effective with an MIC value of 12.5 μg/mL against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Additionally, molecular docking analysis of compounds 1–10 was performed, targeting P. aeruginosa RhlR and DNA gyrase B enzymes. Among the identified compounds, compound 2 exhibited the most promising inhibitory activity against both targets, with binding energies of −12.0 and −11.3 kcal/mol, respectively.
Evaluation of antibacterial, antioxidant activities and secondary metabolites profile of orchids with different dried methods
(Marmara University, 2025) Özkan, Ahmet İsmail; Canbolat Gültekin, Deniz; Soruklu, Sudenaz; Işık, Uğur; Akmeşe, Osman
The Central Black Sea region is a very dense region in terms of orchid diversity. As a consequence of the floral studies, 32 species of salep orchids were identified in the Central Black Sea Region. The aim of this current study was to identify the secondary metabolite profiles of leaves and tubers of two orchid species (Anacamptis palustris and Ophrys apifera) with different drying methods by HPLC analysis and to determine their antibacterial and antioxidant activities. For this purpose, different drying methods were applied to the roots and leaves of these two species. The species were dried by 3 different techniques: shade, lyophilizer and oven. After the aqueous extracts were obtained, their antibacterial and antioxidant activities were tested and HPLC analysis was completed. The data obtained from aqueous extracts as a result of drying techniques were compared with the data obtained from fresh plant aqueous extracts. Antibacterial properties were tested against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 bacteria. No antibacterial activity was found in the study. Antioxidant properties were tested via DPPH and FRAP assays. As a result of DPPH free radical scavenging assay, the highest antioxidant efficiency in A. palustris was observed in leaves dried in lyophilizer (76.53%), in the shade (62.13%) and in the oven (54.12%), respectively. Nine different phenolic compounds were found in aqueous extracts of these species. Epicatechin, Gallic Acid, Rutin, Syringic Acid phenolic compounds were observed the most in HPLC analysis. The results of current study suggest that these extracts have antioxidant and phenolic contents and should be investigated in more comprehensive studies.
Phytochemical composition and genotoxic potential of Sambucus ebulus L. (Adoxaceae): Insights from Allium cepa bioassay and antioxidant profiling
(Firenze University Press, 2025) Aksu Kalmuk, Nurşen
Sambucus ebulus has long been used in traditional medicine for its anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory properties; however, the cytogenetic safety of its aqueous extract remains insufficiently studied. This research aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of S. ebulus fruit extract on Allium cepa root meristem cells. A comprehensive phytochemical characterization was conducted, including total phenolic and flavonoid content, antioxidant capacity (DPPH and FRAP), and HPLC and GC-MS analyses. Treatment groups were exposed to extract concentrations of 1%, 5%, 10%, 20%, and 50% for 48 hours. Cytogenetic parameters such as mitotic index (MI), chromosomal aberrations (CA), and micronucleus (MN) formation were evaluated. Tap water served as the negative control, while a 680 mg/L zinc oxide (ZnO) solution was used as the positive control. HPLC analysis identified epicatechin, catechin, gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, and rutin as the major phenolic constituents of the extract. GC-MS results revealed a volatile profile dominated by isovaleric acid ethyl ester, methyl isovalerate, and trans-β-ocimene. Antioxidant assays showed a total flavonoid content of 1.008 ± 0.02 mg QE/g, a FRAP value of 7.045 ± 0.08 mg TE/g, and a DPPH scavenging activity of 0.008 ± 0.30 mg/mL. The results indicated that low concentrations (1–10%) did not significantly suppress mitotic activity, whereas higher concentrations (20% and 50%) led to a marked decrease in MI, along with increased CA and MN frequencies. The extract exhibited dose-dependent effects on cell division. The observed biological responses may be partly attributed to its phenolic and volatile constituents. Overall, the findings highlight the dual nature of S. ebulus extract – potentially beneficial at low doses but harmful at higher concentrations – underscoring the importance of a scientifically grounded approach to its traditional use.
Assessing the chemical profile and biological potentials of Tamarix smyrnensis flower extracts using different solvents by in vitro, in silico, and network methodologies
(Public Library of Science, 2025) Aytar, Erdi Can; Torunoğlu, Emine İncilay; Gümrükçüoğlu, Abidin; Al-Farraj, Saleh; Durmaz, Alper; Sillanpää, Mika
This study evaluated the antioxidant properties, phytochemical content, and protein interactions of Tamarix smyrnensis flower extracts prepared with different solvents (methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate). The antioxidant activities were assessed using the DPPH, metal chelation, and CUPRAC assays. Ethanol extracts exhibited the strongest radical scavenging activity (IC₅₀=25.15 µg/mL), while methanol extracts showed superior metal chelation (49.84mg/mL) and reducing power (IC₅₀=35.95 µg/mL). HPLC analysis identified key bioactive compounds, with p-coumaric acid, catechin, and gallic acid being the most abundant phenolics and flavonoids across the extracts. Methanol extracts were rich in 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (2253.9mg/L) and catechin (6974.4mg/L). Molecular interaction predictions using the STITCH database revealed that phenolic compounds such as 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, catechin, and p-coumaric acid have significant interactions with proteins involved in antioxidant defence, including COQ2 and HMOX1. STRING-based protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis further highlighted a network of proteins involved in mitochondrial function and oxidative stress response, suggesting that T. smyrnensis phenolics could modulate these pathways. Molecular docking studies confirmed that chlorogenic acid and catechin showed strong binding affinities with the antioxidant-related protein PTGS2, indicating their potential as therapeutic agents. The findings emphasise the significant antioxidant potential of T. smyrnensis flower extracts, driven by their rich phytochemical content and promising bioactivity, offering a foundation for future therapeutic applications targeting oxidative stress-related diseases.
Artvin-Hatila, Yusufeli, Ardanuç ve Şavşat ilçelerinden temin edilen çiçek balı örneklerinde kalite analizleri
(Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi, 2025) Namlı, Mesut; Ulu Delice, Serap; Kılıç, Burak; Canbolat Gültekin, Deniz; Gümrükçüoğlu, Abidin; Turan, Önder; Demiralay, Mehmet
Bal, bitkilerin nektarından, bitkilerin canlı kısımlarının salgılarından veya bu kısımlar üzerinde beslenen bazı böceklerin salgılarından, bal arıları tarafından toplanarak kendine özgü maddelerle zenginleştirilen, suyu uçurularak olgunlaşması için peteğe bırakılan tatlı bir maddedir. Tüketicilerin güvenle ve kaliteli bal tüketebilmesi için balın ulusal ve uluslararası standartlara uygun olması gerekmektedir. Nem, iletkenlik, pH ve asitlik, prolin değeri, diastaz aktivitesi (sayısı) ve hidroksimetil furfural (HMF) seviyesi bu standartlardan bazılarıdır. Bu çalışmada Artvin’in Hatila, Yusufeli, Şavşat ve Ardanuç ilçelerinden belirlenen istasyonlardan 3 farklı sağım döneminde (2022, 2023 ve 2024 yılları) temin edilen çiçek ballarında uluslararası komisyonlar ve kurumlar tarafından belirlenmiş standart kalite analizleri yapılmıştır. Bulgular Yusufeli İlçesi Dereiçi (Hermut) Köyü balının tüm sağım dönemlerinde diğer istasyonlara göre belirtilen parametreler (özellikle prolin içeriği) açısından genel olarak daha iyi değerler sergilediğini göstermiştir. Ek olarak tüm bal örneklerinin hem Türk Gıda Kodeksi Bal Tebliği hem de IHC (Uluslararası Bal Komisyonu) standartlarına uygun olduğu mevcut çalışma ile tespit edilmiştir.
Protective effects of aqueous propolis extract from the Artvin-Hatila region of Türkiye against zinc oxide-induced genotoxicity: Antimutagenic, antioxidant, and phytochemical evaluation
(Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi, 2025) Aksu Kalmuk, Nurşen
This study investigated the protective effects of aqueous propolis extract from Türkiye’s Artvin-Hatila region against zinc oxide (ZnO)-induced genotoxicity in Allium cepa root meristem cells. At 100 mg/L, the extract significantly reduced ZnO-related cytogenetic damage, increasing the mitotic index by 143% and lowering micronucleus frequency by 66.6% compared to the positive control. Chromosomal aberration rates also approached those of the negative control at this dose. Antioxidant assays demonstrated strong activity, with a DPPH IC₅₀ of 0.004 mg/mL, FRAP value of 7.44 mg TE/g, and CUPRAC value of 0.30 mmol TEAC/g. HPLC analysis revealed 16 bioactive compounds, notably caffeic acid, epicatechin, and ferulic acid. These results highlight the extract’s potential as a natural antigenotoxic and antioxidant agent, effective within an optimal concentration range against environmental genotoxins such as ZnO.
Glaucium flavum Crantz toprak üstü kısımlarındaki fenolik ve uçucu bileşiklerin tanımlanması ve antioksidan etkinliğinin belirlenmesi
(Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi, 2025) Gümrükçüoğlu, Abidin
Glaucium flavum Crantz toprak üstü kısımlarının fitokimyasal profili ve antioksidan kapasitesi değerlendirilmiştir. HPLC-DAD ve SPME-GC-MS teknikleri kullanılarak benzaldehit (%37.47) ve 1-hekzanal-2-etil (%33.87) başlıca uçucu bileşenler olarak tespit edilmiştir. Metanolik ekstraktlarda pirogallol (3089.23 mg/kg) ve kafeik asit (384.06 mg/kg) ana fenolik bileşenler, rutin (16000 mg/kg) ve kateşin (649.58 mg/kg) ise major flavonoidler olarak belirlenmiştir. Askorbik asit içeriği 1078.17 mg/kg olarak ölçülmüştür. Toplam fenolik içerik (13.84±0.46 mg GAE/g kuru örnek) ve toplam flavonoid içerik (7.65±0.22 mg QE/g kuru örnek) ile FRAP (10.98±0.22 µmol Fe²⁺/g) ve CUPRAC (0.11±0.01 mmol TEAC/g) testleri güçlü antioksidan aktiviteyi doğrulamıştır. Bulgular, G. flavum Crantz'ın zengin biyoaktif bileşenleri ve güçlü antioksidan özellikleri nedeniyle farmakolojik araştırmalar için umut verici bir kaynak olduğunu göstermektedir.
Comparative analysis of phenolic compounds, volatile components, and antioxidant capacity in leaf and flower parts of aster caucasicus
(Miraç OCAK, 2025) Gümrükçüoğlu, Abidin
The study presents a comprehensive phytochemical analysis of Aster caucasicus, examining both the leaf and flower parts of this plant. The researchers investigated the phenolic compound profiles using HPLC-DAD methodology, volatile compounds via SPME-GC-MS technique, and antioxidant properties through multiple assays (total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, FRAP, and CUPRAC). Results revealed significant differences between plant tissues. The flower parts contained higher total phenolic content (25.57 mg GAE/g) compared to leaves (17.81 mg GAE/g), with notably higher concentrations of compounds like gallic acid, caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, and quercetin. Conversely, leaves demonstrated higher total flavonoid content (5.02 mg QE/g vs. 3.99 mg QE/g in flowers) and greater antioxidant capacity in both FRAP and CUPRAC assays. Volatile compound analysis identified several bioactive components, including monoterpenes (beta-pinene, D-limonene, alpha-pinene), terpenoids, sesquiterpenes, and oxygenated heterocyclic compounds. Beta-pinene dominated in flowers (52.26%), while D-limonene was highest in leaves (28.68%). This research fills a knowledge gap regarding Aster caucasicus, suggesting its potential applications in pharmaceutical and cosmetic products. The flower parts show promise for pharmaceutical applications due to their rich phenolic content, while the leaf parts, with their high flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity, could be valuable in cosmetic products, particularly for UV protection.
Zinc phthalocyanine as a heterogeneous catalyst for efficient H₂ generation from NaBH₄ methanolysis
(Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Işık, Uğur; Namlı, Mesut; Kantar, Cihan; Elma Karakaş, Duygu
Phthalocyanines have been extensively studied for their role in photodynamic therapy, sensors, optoelectronic devices etc.; however, their use as catalysts for hydrogen generation (HG) has remained a relatively unexplored area in scientific literature. This study is the first investigation into the catalytic potential of zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) complex in hydrogen production via methanolysis reaction of sodium borohydride (NaBH₄). The kinetic performance of the ZnPc catalyst was evaluated based on catalyst amount, NaBH₄ concentration, temperature, and reusability. The ZnPc-catalyzed NaBH₄ methanolysis completed in 5.7 min, with a hydrogen generation rate of 8993 mLmin⁻¹gcat⁻¹—comparable to or better than many similar catalysts—and an activation energy of 28.47 kJ/mol. The catalyst exhibited remarkable reusability with no significant loss in catalytic activity when used for the three-cycle reaction. Additionally, the ZnPc-catalyzed NaBH₄ methanolysis mechanism was also examined, revealing that –OH, –O–, and –N=N– groups play key roles in its notable HG efficiency. Overall, this study presents ZnPc as a promising catalyst for HG and emphasizes its catalytic efficiency and application potential in sustainable energy technologies.

Güncel Gönderiler