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Öğe Effects of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation in individuals with primary dysmenorrhea: A randomized controlled trial(ELSEVIER, 2025) Yıldız Kızkın, Zeynep; Yıldız, Rıdvan; Özden, Ali VeyselBackground and aims: Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) is a promising neuromodulation therapy with proved efficacy in treating various conditions, such as migraine, depression, abdominal pain, constipation, stroke, and sleep disorders. However, no randomized controlled trials have evaluated the effects of taVNS in patients with primary dysmenorrhea (PwPD). This study aims to investigate the impact of taVNS on pain, functional and emotional symptoms, and physical performance in PwPD. Materials and methods: In this study, conducted over two menstrual cycles, 34 PwPD were randomly assigned (1:1) to the taVNS or Sham groups. The treatment protocol comprised taVNS or sham treatment for five consecutive days, starting five days before the expected second menstrual period. The Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), pressure pain threshold (PPT), the Menstrual Symptom Questionnaire (MSQ), the Functional and Emotional Measure of Dysmenorrhea (FEMD), the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A), and the 6-Minute Walking Test (6MWT) were evaluated at the first and subsequent menstrual cycles. Results: The difference between the groups was significant, favoring the taVNS group in the NRS, PPT, MSQ, FEMD, HAM-A, and 6MWT (for all, p < 0.05). Time, treatment, and time × treatment interaction were found to have significant effects on all treatment parameters except 6MWT (for all, p < 0.05). Conclusion: PwPD may benefit from taVNS, given it has shown efficacy in alleviating pain and menstrual symptoms while improving physical performance. Clinical trial registration: The Clinicaltrials.gov registration number for the study is NCT06146569.Öğe Artificial intelligence in pediatric oncology care: Pediatric nurses' perspectives and future implications(ELSEVIER, 2025) Çınar Özbay, Sevil; Gelin, Dilek; Durmuş Sarıkahya, SelmaObjectives: This study aimed to explore pediatric oncology nurses' perspectives on the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into pediatric oncology care, focusing on its potential advantages, implementation challenges, and ethical considerations. Methods: A hermeneutically informed descriptive phenomenological qualitative design was employed. One-to-one, semistructured interviews were conducted with 18 pediatric oncology nurses between April and June 2025. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed thematically in MAXQDA using Braun and Clarke's six-phase framework (2006). Reporting followed the COREQ checklist. Results: Participants' mean age was 36.8 ± 6.9 years, and most had >10 years of professional experience. Thematic analysis identified five main themes with related subthemes: (1) the potential of AI in pediatric oncology care; (2) implementation challenges and concerns; (3) nurse-AI collaboration; (4) ethical considerations; and (5) competence and training needs. Nurses highlighted AI's potential to accelerate diagnostic/treatment processes, reduce error, and enhance patient safety, while also noting barriers related to infrastructure, ethics, and professional skills. Conclusions: Pediatric oncology nurses perceived AI as a valuable tool to support clinical decision-making, improve patient safety, and increase care efficiency; however, ethical concerns, infrastructural limitations, and insufficient training constrain effective integration. Implications for nursing practice: Strengthening technological competencies, ensuring ethical safeguards, and providing continuous training are essential for successful AI integration. Combining clinical expertise with AI competence may promote safer, more effective pediatric oncology care.Öğe Computational and experimental analysis of oleanolic acid as an allosteric activator of SIRT1(TUBITAK, 2025) Sarıyer, Emrah; Dokumacıoğlu, Eda; İskender, HaticeSirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a member of the sirtuin protein family and the biological effects of SIRT1 encompass various areas such as the ageing process, metabolism regulation, and cellular stress response. SIRT1 activators are compounds that enhance the activity of SIRT1 enzyme. These activators can be natural or synthetic compounds and have the potential to provide health benefits by augmenting the biological effects of SIRT1. Oleanolic acid (OA) is a triterpenoid compound that has antiinflammatory, antioxidant, and glucose and lipid metabolism-regulating properties naturally found in many plants. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of OA on SIRT1 activation and its underlying mechanism. SIRT1 activity was determined by ELISA in rat serum and liver and kidney tissue. SIRT1 activity was significantly higher in the OA-treated rats compared to the control group. Moreover, through the use of computational methods, the study examined the potential of OA as an allosteric compound for SIRT1. The findings revealed that OA demonstrated a greater affinity for the allosteric site than resveratrol did and may lead to a similar increase in SIRT1 activity. The findings of both experimental and computational studies were complementary, which led to the conclusion that OA serves as a positive regulator of SIRT1 activity.Öğe The role of artificial intelligence interventions to improve eye contact for children with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review(BMC, 2025) Demirtaş, Şenol; Beşaltı, MetinBackgroundChildren with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often struggle with eye contact during social interactions, a key aspect of effective communication. In recent years, various artificial intelligence (AI)-based interventions have been developed to support children with ASD. This study aims to systematically review the published literature on the AI-based interventions for improving eye contact.MethodsThe review adhered to the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Two researchers searched six databases: Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, APA PsycInfo, Education Source, and IEEE Xplore, which initially yielded 1663 records. After screening and eligibility assessment, 16 studies met all inclusion criteria. Data were extracted through a narrative synthesis focusing on key variables, including study characteristics (author, year, region, sample, design, setting, and duration), definitions and measurements of eye contact, AI tool, and technological modalities, findings including reported effectiveness, generalization and maintenance outcomes, as well as whether social validity was assessed in each study. Two researchers independently conducted data extraction, quality assessment, and risk-of-bias evaluation using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklists and the Single-Case Experimental Design (SCED) scale.ResultsIncluded studies used a variety of AI-based tools. The most frequently used intervention modality was robotic systems, which were used in 12 studies, followed by wearable technologies (two studies), virtual reality (one), and game-based software (one). Preliminary findings suggest that AI technologies are often associated with increases in the frequency and duration of eye contact. Six studies (38%) assessed generalization of treatment effects, generally reporting positive outcomes, while seven studies (44%) assessed social validity. The research mostly utilized quantitative designs, including randomized controlled trials, repeated measure designs, single-subject research designs, and quasi-experimental designs. One qualitative case study and one case report were also identified. Methodological quality ratings ranged from moderate to high across study designs.ConclusionThis systematic review revealed that AI-based interventions are developing technology for improving eye contact behavior in children with ASD. Particularly, robotic systems provide promising evidence for improving eye-contact behaviors in children with ASD. However, the current evidence base remains limited due to small sample sizes and variations in the operational definitions of eye contact, measurement methods, and levels of AI sophistication. Data on generalization and social validity were also limited, highlighting the need for larger, methodologically rigorous studies to confirm these findings and assess their broader applicability.Clinical trial numberThis study did not involve clinical trials, and as such, there is no clinical trial number to report.Öğe Gynecological cancer awareness and determination of healthy lifestyle levels among women in Türkiye(WILEY, 2025) Kaloğlu Binici, Dilek; Erkal, Emre; Avcı, AycanObjective: This study aimed to assess gynecological cancer awareness and healthy lifestyle levels among women in Türkiye.Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional design was applied with 656 women from various Turkish regions. Data were collectedusing a sociodemographic form, the Gynecological Cancer Awareness Scale, and the Healthy Lifestyle Screening Scale.Results: The median gynecological cancer awareness score was 147.00, and the median healthy lifestyle score was 95.00. A positive,significant correlation was found between awareness and healthy lifestyle scores (r s = 0.359; p < 0.001). Awareness differedsignificantly by education, employment, motherhood, gynecological examination and Pap smear frequency, cancer knowledge,fear of cancer, and age (p < 0.05). Healthy lifestyle scores were significantly related to income, smoking, perceived health, andregular exercise (p < 0.05).Conclusions: Women generally demonstrated above-average gynecological cancer awareness, and higher awareness was linkedto healthier lifestyles. Overall, 1.2% had a very low, 14.6% low, 75.9% good, and 8.3% very good healthy lifestyle level. These findingssuggest that nurses should implement educational and counseling programs to enhance women’s gynecological cancer awarenessand promote healthy lifestyle behaviors.Öğe The effect of circadian rhythmicity on lower extremity strength and balance in female athletes(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2025) Aktaş, Burcu; Korkmaz Salkılıç, Esra; Anıl, Berna; Akdemir, Enes; Akgün, Soner; Yılmaz, Ali KerimThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of circadian rhythmicity (CR) on lower extremity strength and balance performance in 22 female athletes (19-24 y). Participants underwent isokinetic knee strength, Single Leg Hop Tests (SLHT), Y Balance Test (YBT), and isokinetic static/dynamic balance tests. All measurements were randomized and performed at 9:00, 14:00, and 19:00 to assess CR variation. In total, 3 angular strength, 5 jump, and 2 balance tests were analyzed. When comparing results across time zones, body temperature, isokinetic 60 degrees/sec extension (Ext) strength, and several bipedal static balance parameters Forward-Backward Standard Deviation (SBFD), Average Forward-Backward Speed (AFBS), and Ellipse Area (EA)) showed statistical significance (p>0.05). No significant differences were found in other isokinetic strength tests, all SLHTs, Y balance, or dynamic balance tests (p>0.05). Significant CR effects on lower extremity strength were observed only in the 60 sec extension, with overall strength peaking at 14:00. Strength asymmetry remained similar across time points. These findings suggest that time-sensitive performance parameters like strength and static balance are influenced by CR, while balance and coordination parameters appear more stable. Accordingly, scheduling strength-based training during midday hours may optimize performance by leveraging CR-related variations.Öğe Effects of fat ratio and cooking method on the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a semi-dry fermented sausage(TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2025) Kırkyol, Mine; Akköse, Ahmet; Kaban, Güzin; Kaya, MükerremThe study examined the effects of fat ratios (10, 20, and 30%), cooking methods (hot plate and barbecue), and cooking degree (raw, rare, medium, or well) on the levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and some physicochemical properties in a semi-dry fermented sausage, heat-treated sucuk (HTS). While the pH value increased depending on the cooking degree, moisture and fat contents decreased as the cooking degree increased. Fat ratio, cooking method, and cooking degree significantly affected the moisture retention, fat retention, and cooking yield of the samples (p < 0.01). The levels of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and total PAH4 (benzo[a]pyrene + benzo[a]anthracene + benzo[b]fluoranthene + chrysene) increased depending on the fat ratio and cooking degree. Moreover, barbecuing caused higher BaP and PAH4 formation. Similar results were also obtained for total PAH8 and PAH16 contents.Öğe Cross-cultural adaptation, validity, and reliability of the Turkish version of the Nurse Occupational Stigma Scale (NOSS-TR)(BMC, 2025) Arkan, Burcu; Alban, Işıl; Kanbay, YalçınBackground While the stigmatizing tendencies of nurses towards patients have been the subject of frequent research, there is a notable lack of research evaluating the stigmatizing attitudes of patients towards nurses. This study aimed to adapt the Nurse Occupational Stigma Scale (NOSS), which was developed to assess occupational stigma towards the nursing profession, for use in Turkish culture and to examine its validity and reliability. Methods The study followed the COSMIN guidelines for scale adaptation and psychometric evaluation. Data were collected via social media using the snowball sampling method, yielding responses from 692 adults in Turkey. Of the sample, 55.4% were female, 45.4% were married, and 53.4% had higher education; the mean age was 31.9 +/- 11.1 years (range: 18-70). The adaptation process included forward-backward translation, expert review, and calculation of the content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI). Construct validity and internal validity were assessed, and Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient, Guttman's coefficient, and Spearman-Brown two-thirds test consistency were calculated to evaluate reliability. Results Ten experts participated in the content validity assessment, and the critical CVR value for 10 experts (.62) was exceeded by all items. The overall CVI value was 0.925 (CVI > CVR). Construct validity was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA); as a result of the analysis, the structure of the scale, comprising three factors and 11 items, was confirmed. Model fit indices were found to be excellent (chi(2)/df= 2.923, RMSEA= 0.054, CFI = 0.97, GFI = 0.97, AGFI = 0.95, NFI = 0.95). Standardized factor loadings ranged between 0.47 to 0.84. In the internal validity analysis, 27% lower-upper group comparisons yielded significant results (p < 0.001). In the reliability analysis, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the scale was found to be 0.80, and between 0.61 and 0.87 for the sub-dimensions. Additionally, Spearman-Brown and Omega reliability coefficients fell within the limits recommended in the literature. Conclusions In line with the findings, it was determined that the NOSS-TR is a valid and reliable measurement tool for assessing occupational stigmatization towards the nursing profession in Turkish culture.Öğe Physicochemical characterization and bioactive profile of wild Demir Apple (Malus sylvestris) from the Eastern Black Sea Region(WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH, 2025) Çelebi, Zeynep Berin; Tunca, Erol; Kesemen, Ali Murat; Kolaylı, SevgiThis study characterized the physicochemical properties, bioactive composition, and antioxidant capacity of the wild Demir apple (Malus sylvestris), an endemic genotype from the Eastern Black Sea region. Samples collected from Artvin were analyzed for physical and chemical attributes, including total soluble solids (13.87%), titratable acidity (0.43% malic acid), ascorbic acid (5.93 mg/100 g FW), and total sugars (11.94%). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-PDA) revealed chlorogenic acid, epicatechin, and catechin as the predominant phenolic compounds. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were 103.98 mg GAE/100 g FW and 2.09 mg QUE/100 g FW, respectively, while antioxidant capacity, assessed via FRAP and DPPH assays, was 2635.91 mu mol FeSO4/g and 7.75 mg/mL. These findings highlight the wild Demir apple as a rich source of bioactive compounds with strong antioxidant potential, supporting its value for nutritional and functional food applications.Öğe The effectiveness of vaccine education on vaccine attitudes and knowledge among nursing students: a quasi-experimental study(UNIV SAO PAOLO, 2025) Yorulmaz Demir, Deniz SümeyyeObjective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of vaccine education on vaccine attitudes and knowledge among nursing students. Method: This research, designed as a quasi-experimental study, was conducted with 68 participants. Vaccine education was delivered in three sessions at one-week intervals. Data were collected using the Personal Characteristics Scale, the Public Attitudes Toward Vaccination Scale-Health Belief Model, and the Vaccine Knowledge Test. Data analysis included frequency, percentage, paired t-tests, and effect size (d) to assess differences between means. Results: Among the participants, 65.2% were female, 14.5% reported difficulties in accessing healthcare services, and only 8.7% followed official websites for vaccine-related information. The study found that vaccine-related knowledge significantly increased after the intervention, with a large effect size (d: 1.755). Vaccine attitudes also showed moderate changes in effect size across various dimensions: perceived susceptibility (d: 0.666), perceived severity (d: 0.682), perceived benefits (d: 0.760), perceived barriers (d: 0.753), and health motivation (d: 0.395). Additionally, the proportion of participants expressing trust in vaccines increased after the educational sessions. Conclusion: The findings suggest that vaccine education can contribute to improving vaccine attitudes and knowledge among nursing students. Considering the critical role of nursing students as future stakeholders in healthcare delivery, planning and increasing interventions aimed at enhancing their vaccine attitudes and knowledge is essential.Öğe Can social media be a threat or an opportunity to public health via the impacts on diet quality?(Frontiers Media SA, 2025) Ayhan, Büşra; Köse, Süleyman; Saban Güler, Meryem; Bilici, SaniyeBackground: Previous studies have emphasized the influence of social media on people’s eating habits and preferences. Studies have indicated that social media can influence diet quality through a variety of processes in both positive and negative ways. But, it is still unknown how social media’s widespread use in daily life affects users’ nutritional condition. Objective: A survey form covering the frequency of social media use (SMU), topics related to nutrition followed, and accounts followed was administered by researchers. Participants self-reported age, weight, and height and provided 24-h dietary recall records. Methods: A total of 1,241 university students, all with at least one social media account, participated in the study. A survey form covering the frequency of SMU, topics related to nutrition, and accounts followed was administered by researchers. Participants self-reported age, weight, and height, and provided 24-h dietary recall records. Nutrient Adequacy Ratio (NAR) and Mean Adequacy Ratio (MAR) scores were calculated based on the 24-h dietary recall records to assess diet quality. Results: Among the persons who use social media frequently, 39.4% were classified as male, while 60.6% were classified as female. The study also found that 48.7% of students who use social media rarely and 41.0% frequently are enrolled in health-related departments. Instagram was the most popular platform among students and the source of healthy nutrition recipes. Accordingly, it is seen that the frequency of social media use does not give a statistically significant result with BMI (p < 0.05). Students in health-related departments had significantly reduced energy intake compared to other departments (p < 0.05). However, they exhibited elevated consumption of fiber and vitamin A. Energy, protein, and carbohydrate intakes were not significantly different between students who used social media rarely and frequently. Calcium and potassium levels of those studying in the health department who use social media frequently were found to be significantly higher than those who use social media rarely (p < 0.05). Participant MAR scores and classifications were not significantly different by academic department or SMU classification (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Social media holds potential as a tool for promoting healthy food choices among university students who actively engage with it.Öğe Phytochemical investigation, antimicrobial activities, and molecular docking studies on endemic Gelasia sericea (Aucher ex DC.) Zaika, Sukhor. & N.Kilian grown in Türkiye(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2025) Bozdal, Gözde; Korkmaz, Büşra; Abanoz, Murat Emre; Şahin, Büşra; Uzuner, Uğur; Bozdeveci, Arif; Makbul, Serdar; Yaylı, Nurettinn this study, activity-guided isolation of the endemic Gelasia sericea (Aucher ex DC.) Zaika, Sukhor. & N.Kilian yielded five new compounds (8-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-6-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1H-isochromen-1-one (1), rel. (3 R,3′S)-8,8’-oxybis[6-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-1H-isochromen-1-one] (2), 3-O-(4-O-glyceryl)-α-D-xylopyranosyl-5-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one (3), 2-carboxyl-3-hydroxy-4′-methoxy-5-O-(3-O-glyceryl)-β-D-xylopyranosylbibenzyl (4), and 2-carboxyl-3,4’-dihydroxy-5-O-(β-D-apiofuranosyl)-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosylbibenzyl (5). Five known compounds as p-coumaric acid (6), scorzopigmecosite (7), scorzocreticin (8), quercetin (9), and kelampayoside A (10). Spectroscopic methods were used to characterise the structures of compounds 1–10. All the isolated compounds, except compound 10, exhibited an inhibition zone diameter of 10–12 mm against at least one of the nine different microorganisms tested. Compound 8 was found to be the most effective with an MIC value of 12.5 μg/mL against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Additionally, molecular docking analysis of compounds 1–10 was performed, targeting P. aeruginosa RhlR and DNA gyrase B enzymes. Among the identified compounds, compound 2 exhibited the most promising inhibitory activity against both targets, with binding energies of −12.0 and −11.3 kcal/mol, respectively.Öğe Cultural adaptation and Turkish version of the Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument for individuals with gonarthrosis: A validity and reliability study(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2025) Hazar, Yağmur; Atıcı, Emine; Çağlıyan Erdoğan, Hande; Kardesş KübraPurposes: This study aimed to culturally adapt and assess the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument (LLFDI) in elderly individuals with knee osteoarthritis (gonarthrosis). Methods: A total of 240 participants aged ≥65 were selected using simple random sampling. The adaptation process followed Beaton’s guidelines and included translation, back-translation, and pilot testing. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, test-retest, and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), while validity was evaluated via exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and convergent validity with established scales. As part of convergent validity, the relationship of the LLFDI with Barthe Index (BI) and the Functional Independent Measurement (FIM), the Lequesne Index were used. The correlations between the LLFDI scores and these scales were analyzed to determine the level of convergent validity. Results: The LLFDI demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach’s α > 0.70) and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.734–0.899). Construct validity was supported by Exploratory Factor Analysis (KMO = 0.838–0.952) and significant Bartlett’s Test (p < 0.001), revealing appropriate factor structures. Convergent validity was confirmed through significant correlations with the BI, FIM, and Lequesne Index. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the Turkish version of the LLFDI is a valid and reliable assessment tool for individuals diagnosed with gonarthrosis. Clinical Trials: NCT06858085.Öğe Development and psychometric analysis of a stigmatization scale for childhood cancers for adolescents(John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2025) Akdeniz Kudubeş, Aslı; Çınar Özbay, SevilBackground: Valid and reliable measurement tools are needed to plan programs that address the stigmatization of adolescents and to monitor the effectiveness of these programs in childhood cancers, where early diagnosis and treatment are decisive for prognosis. In this context, the development of a stigmatization scale for childhood cancers in adolescents will provide an objective tool for health professionals and researchers to assess stigma and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions designed to reduce it. Objectives: This study aims to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool to determine adolescents' stigma of childhood cancer and to examine its psychometric properties. Methods: This methodological study was conducted with 500 adolescents in Türkiye between November 2024 and December 2024. Data were collected with the “The Information Form and the Stigmatization Scale for Childhood Cancers for Adolescents (STS-CA)”. IBM SPSS 25.0 and IBM AMOS 25.0 software programs were used for data analysis, and descriptive statistics were used to analyze numeric variables. Exploration and confirmatory factor analyses were performed to determine the scale's factorial structure. Results: The factorial analysis was used to test the structural validity of the scale. A three-factor structure consisting of 22 items was developed. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the Avoidance of Friendship and Social Relationships sub-scale, Health Status and Perception of Difference sub-scale, Emotional Burden and Social Isolation sub-scale and total Cronbach's alpha coefficients were 0.642, 0.744, 0.579 and 0.910, respectively. Fit indices resulting from the study were x²/sd: 2.725, RMSEA: 0.075, GFI: 0.90, CFI: 0.90, and NFI: 0.90. Conclusions: The Stigmatization Scale for Childhood Cancers for Adolescents (STS-CA) is a valid and reliable scale to determine the stigma level of adolescents toward childhood cancers. Implications for practice: The scale provides a practical tool for health professionals to assess adolescents' stigmatization levels, plan and implement interventions to reduce stigma, and evaluate their effectiveness. It may also be used to guide educational activities and awareness programs that support psychosocial well-being in adolescents affected by childhood cancer.Öğe Molecular diversity of lupane hybrids in drug design and materials science(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2025) Lipson, Victoria V.; Shirobokova, Maria G.; Gümüş, Mustafa Kemal; Öztürkcan, Arda; Chebanov, Valentyn A.The need for new, more effective drugs to treat cancer, infectious diseases, various parasitic infestations, and metabolic disorders requires innovative approaches to the design of promising molecules. One of these areas is the creation of hybrid structures. Lupane triterpenoids are of significant interest for such research due to their high abundance in natural sources and their renewable nature, their molecular architecture, presence of several easily modifiable functional groups, enantiomeric purity, broad spectrum of biological activity, and low toxicity. Active research into the biological properties of new pentacyclic triterpenoid derivatives, not only of the lupane series but also of the oleonane and ursane series, is evidenced by the large number of reviews and experimental studies devoted to this topic. Our interest in the modification of lupanoids stems not only from the search for biologically active compounds but also from the development of functional materials. However, the materials science aspects of lupanoid applications are virtually unknown in literature. We have tried to fill this gap and examined the possibility of using betulin derivatives to create advanced materials. The high lipophilicity and nanoscale molecular structure of these compounds make them highly promising as chiral dopants in liquid crystal compositions and organogel components.Öğe Assessing the chemical profile and biological potentials of Tamarix smyrnensis flower extracts using different solvents by in vitro, in silico, and network methodologies(Public Library of Science, 2025) Aytar, Erdi Can; Torunoğlu, Emine İncilay; Gümrükçüoğlu, Abidin; Al-Farraj, Saleh; Durmaz, Alper; Sillanpää, MikaThis study evaluated the antioxidant properties, phytochemical content, and protein interactions of Tamarix smyrnensis flower extracts prepared with different solvents (methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate). The antioxidant activities were assessed using the DPPH, metal chelation, and CUPRAC assays. Ethanol extracts exhibited the strongest radical scavenging activity (IC₅₀=25.15 µg/mL), while methanol extracts showed superior metal chelation (49.84mg/mL) and reducing power (IC₅₀=35.95 µg/mL). HPLC analysis identified key bioactive compounds, with p-coumaric acid, catechin, and gallic acid being the most abundant phenolics and flavonoids across the extracts. Methanol extracts were rich in 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (2253.9mg/L) and catechin (6974.4mg/L). Molecular interaction predictions using the STITCH database revealed that phenolic compounds such as 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, catechin, and p-coumaric acid have significant interactions with proteins involved in antioxidant defence, including COQ2 and HMOX1. STRING-based protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis further highlighted a network of proteins involved in mitochondrial function and oxidative stress response, suggesting that T. smyrnensis phenolics could modulate these pathways. Molecular docking studies confirmed that chlorogenic acid and catechin showed strong binding affinities with the antioxidant-related protein PTGS2, indicating their potential as therapeutic agents. The findings emphasise the significant antioxidant potential of T. smyrnensis flower extracts, driven by their rich phytochemical content and promising bioactivity, offering a foundation for future therapeutic applications targeting oxidative stress-related diseases.Öğe Nursing Students' Early Attitudes Towards the Use of Artificial Intelligence and ChatGPT: An Exploratory Study(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2025) Berşe, Soner; Akça, Kamile; Dirgar, Ezgi; Ağar, AliBackground: As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly prevalent in nursing education, understanding student attitudes is essential for its effective integration. Aim: This study aimed to explore nursing students' attitudes towards AI and ChatGPT in the context of nursing education. Design: This study employed a cross-sectional design. Methods: A sample of Turkish nursing students (n = 347) was included in the study. Data were collected from August–October 2023 using the Student Introduction Form and the General Attitudes towards Artificial Intelligence Scale (GAAIS) through Google Forms. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, and ANOVA were used for data analysis. Correlation analysis was performed to examine the relationship between variables. Results: Among the participants, 56.8% were aware of AI, 16.4% had previous experience using an AI application, 46.4% believed that AI is beneficial in nursing practices and 79.3% supported the use of AI in the nursing field. A weakly positive correlation was found between the positive and negative attitude subscales of the GAAIS (r = 0.274, p < 0.01). Conclusions: This study reveals the complexity and variability of nursing students' attitudes towards AI and ChatGPT. Increased exposure to these technologies may improve future nursing practices. Educational institutions and policymakers need to promote positive attitudes towards AI and ChatGPT to facilitate their effective integration. To ensure ethical and responsible usage of AI, universities must carefully evaluate the risks and benefits associated with these technologies.Öğe Trauma-informed care in pediatric oncology nursing(John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2025) Çınar Özbay, Sevil; Gelin, Dilek; Durmuş Sarıkahya, Selma; Boztepe, HandanBackground: Childhood cancer is highly stressful and potentially traumatic for families. While trauma-informed care (TIC) aims to address these impacts, little is known about how pediatric oncology nurses understand and use TIC in practice. Method: This study was conducted using a qualitative descriptive design to explore pediatric oncology nurses' perceptions of trauma and trauma-informed care. Fifteen nurses with at least 1 year of experience working in a pediatric oncology unit in a city hospital in Türkiye were recruited through purposive sampling. Data were collected between June and July 2025 through face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured interview guide based on the Trauma-Informed Care Pyramid, and analyzed using Braun and Clarke's six-phase thematic analysis approach. Results: Five major themes were identified: (1) family- and child-centered communication and care, (2) understanding the health effects of trauma, (3) interprofessional collaboration, (4) understanding one's own history and reactions, and (5) screening and evaluation processes. Additionally, metaphor analysis revealed that nurses frequently described trauma as destructive objects, dark colors, natural disasters, harsh seasons, and bitter tastes underscoring perceptions of trauma as overwhelming and difficult to endure. These findings highlight both the potential for TIC integration and the current gaps in systematic training and organizational support. Conclusion: Pediatric oncology nurses recognize the effects of trauma and the need for psychosocial care, yet structured TIC practices remain limited. Integrating TIC principles into nursing education, strengthening team collaboration, and implementing systematic screening are key to improving holistic, family-centered care.Öğe Effects of black garlic addition and cooking duration on nitrosamine levels and quality attributes of sucuk(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2025) Kaya, Mükerrem; Karayiğit, Asena; Yılmaz Oral, Zeynep Feyza; Öztürk, Kübra; Fencioğlu Çakır, Halenur; Akyol, Yağmur; Ulutaş Altaylı, Bilge; Sallan, Selen; Kaban, GüzinSucuk, a type of dry fermented sausage, is generally consumed cooked, unlike many fermented sausage types. Therefore, alternative applications to prevent nitrosamine formation in fermented sausages such as sucuk are of great importance. This study aimed to determine the effects of black garlic (BG) and cooking time (0, 1, or 3 min at 180 °C) in sucuk. For this purpose, four different sucuk batters were prepared: FG1 (1% fresh garlic-control), BG1 (1% BG), BG2 (2% BG), and BG3 (3% BG). After ripening, the samples were cooked for different durations and subjected to nitrosamine analysis. Additionally, the study investigated the effect of BG on the qualitative properties of the ripened samples (uncooked). The results showed that the use of BG in sucuk led to a decline in lactic acid bacteria and Micrococcus/Staphylococcus counts (p < 0.05). The pH and residual nitrite levels in BG2 and BG3 were lower than those in FG1 and BG1 (p < 0.05). The TBARS value increased with increasing usage rate of BG (p < 0.05). BG2 and BG3 increased N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) compared to FG1 and BG1 (p < 0.05). Garlic treatment had no significant effect on the N-Nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) (p > 0.05). As the cooking time increased, the NDMA and NDEA content increased (p < 0.05). The interaction between treatment and cooking time affected only N-Nitrosopiperidine (NPIP), and at the 3 min cooking time, BG3 exhibited a higher NPIP content than FG1, BG1, and BG2 (p < 0.05). As a result, BG2 and BG3 had a negative effect on some quality properties of sucuk, while FG1 and BG1 generally showed similar results. Additionally, BG2 and BG3 showed similar increases in NDMA content. Nitrosamine content increased with increasing cooking time, but BG3 was more effective in NPIP formation than BG2 after 3 min of cooking.Öğe Physicochemical, thermal and textural characterization of olive pomace oil and argan oil oleogels prepared with different oleogelators(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2025) Kırkyol, Mine; Akköse, Ahmet; Şişik Oğraş, Şeyma; Yılmaz Oral, Zeynep Feyza; Kaban, Güzin; Kaya, MükerremThe physicochemical, thermal and textural properties of oleogels formed from olive pomace oil and argan oil using carnauba (KW), candelilla (CW) and sunflower (AW) waxes and their combinations (KCW: 50% carnauba + 50% candelilla wax, KAW: 50% carnauba + 50% sunflower wax, CAW: 50% candelilla + 50% sunflower wax) were investigated. The highest mean L* value, peroxide value and time of crystallization formation were found in AW oleogelator. Argan oil + AW had the lowest mean L* value. Sunflower wax differed from the other waxes in terms of major fatty acids, and oleogels containing argan oil and olive pomace oil exhibited a different major fatty acid profile from each other; in particular, there were higher values of oleic acid content in the groups where olive pomace oil was used. It was determined that KW and the oleogels containing KW had higher melting and crystallization temperatures and enthalpy values compared to other waxes. The hardness, adhesiveness, gumminess, cohesiveness and springiness values of the oleogels were affected by the oils and waxes used. The oleogels using sunflower wax were different in terms of texture profile from oleogels formed with carnauba and candelilla waxes.
