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Öğe Interjections as signals of mutual intelligibility in Turkish-Azeri receptive multilingual communication(Harrassowitz Verlag, 2021) Akkuş, Mehmet; Sağın Şimşek, ÇiğdemIn multilingual contexts, mutual intelligibility can be achieved using a variety of communication modes, one of which is Receptive Multilingualism. This study aims to examine the forms and functions of interjections that are utilized by Turkish and Azeri participants to ensure mutual intelligibility in receptive multilingual communication. The data used in this study was collected via a language background questionnaire, a word-guessing card game played by speakers of Azeri and speakers of Turkish, and stimulated recall interviews. The data was transcribed using the data transcription software EXMARaLDA. A functional analysis was conducted to identify the forms and the functions of the interjections that signal the participants' stages of understanding in a number of extracts that demonstrated the speakers' (non-)understanding. The findings revealed that the Turkish and Azeri interlocutors utilized interjections as communicative tools signaling mutual intelligibility in their receptive multilingual communication. The findings also revealed that while the interlocutors used cross-linguistically identical interjections to signal similar functions, some interjections were used for multiple functions.Öğe Looking for contact-induced language change: Converbs in heritage Turkish(Sage Publications, 2020) Turan, Dilek; Antonova-Ünlü, Elena; Sağın Şimşek, Çiğdem; Akkuş, MehmetAims and objectives/purpose/research questions: The aim of the study is to contribute to the debate about a possible contact-induced change in the heritage language and to examine whether there is contact-induced language change at the morpho-syntactic level in Turkish spoken in Germany. We focus on the perception and use of the converbs –Ip and –IncA in heritage Turkish. Design/methodology/approach: The perception and production of the converbs –Ip and –IncA by 30 German–Turkish bilinguals, who were born and have resided in Germany, are compared with those of the control group. Data and analysis: Two tasks are used in the study: a grammaticality judgement task and a picture-story description task. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses are utilized. Findings/conclusions: The analysis of the perception of the converbs by the participants revealed that the bilinguals’ perception of the grammatical constructions with –IncA and of the ungrammatical constructions with –Ip and –IncA differed significantly from that of the monolinguals; however, the perception of the grammatical constructions with –Ip was found to be similar between the bilingual and monolingual groups. The analysis of the production of the converbs by the bilingual participants showed that they tended to use the converbs significantly less than the monolingual control group did. The qualitative analysis of the production task also revealed that there were several cases in the use of the converbs that could be considered as ungrammatical and/or unconventional.
