Pyridine hybrid 1,2,4-triazole-5-thione-Schiff base derivatives: synthesis, characterization, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activity evaluations

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dc.authorid0000-0001-8007-0567
dc.contributor.authorGültekin, Ergün
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-14T05:34:43Z
dc.date.available2026-07-14T05:34:43Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentAÇÜ, Rektörlük, Bilim Teknoloji Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi
dc.description.abstractAntimicrobials are fundamental agents in the control and treatment of infections; however, increasing antimicrobial resistance severely reduces therapeutic efficacy and exacerbates the global burden of disease and mortality. In this context, a novel series of pyridine-containing 1,2,4-triazole-5-thione Schiff base derivatives (6a-g) were synthesized in good to excellent yields and evaluated for their antimicrobial and antioxidant potential. The structural elucidation of the synthesized compounds was accomplished through FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. Antimicrobial activity was assessed using both disc diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) methods against a panel of Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria, and the yeast Candida albicans. Compounds 6b, 6d, and 6 g showed potent antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes ATCC 19615 with low MIC values (19.531 mu g/mL), while compound 6 g demonstrated broad-spectrum activity, also inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus and C. albicans. In antioxidant assays, compound 6f exhibited the highest radical scavenging activity in the DPPH assay, whereas compound 6d showed superior reducing power in the FRAP assay (290.16 mg TE/g). The results indicated that electron-donating (e.g. methoxy) and electron-withdrawing (e.g. nitro) groups on the aromatic ring significantly influenced biological activity. These findings highlight compounds 6d and 6 g as promising candidates for further pharmacological development owing to their multifunctional bioactivity profiles.
dc.identifier.doi10.1080/17415993.2025.2594083
dc.identifier.endpage199
dc.identifier.issn1741-5993
dc.identifier.issue2
dc.identifier.startpage182
dc.identifier.uri1741-6000
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11494/6317
dc.identifier.volume47
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001623467600001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ3
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.institutionauthorGültekin, Ergün
dc.institutionauthorid0000-0001-8007-0567
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherTAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
dc.relation.ispartofJOURNAL OF SULFUR CHEMISTRY
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subjectTriazol-5-thione
dc.subjectPyridine
dc.subjectSchiff base
dc.subjectAntimicrobial activity
dc.subjectAntioxidant activity
dc.titlePyridine hybrid 1,2,4-triazole-5-thione-Schiff base derivatives: synthesis, characterization, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activity evaluations
dc.typeArticle

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