Arctıınae garcıa-jacas & susanna, centaureınae dumort. ve echınopsınae cass. ex dumort. alttrıbuslarındaki (asteraceae) bazı taksonların yaprak mikromorfolojik ve anatomik özellikleri
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2025
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Yayıncı
Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Asteraceae familyasının Cardueae tribusu 12 alttribusa bölünmüştür. Bu çalışmada Arctiinae, Centaureinae ve Echinopsinae altribuslarına ait 6 cinse bağlı 10 taksonunun (Arctium lappa subsp. platylepis, A. minus, Callicephalus nitens, Carthamus lanatus, Centaurea armena, C. rhizantha, C. urvillei subsp. armata, Psephellus dealbatus, Psephellus straminicephalus ve Echinops pungens) yaprak mikromorfolojik ve anatomik özellikleri taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) ve ışık mikroskobu (LM) ile detaylı olarak incelenmiştir. Bu çalışma, Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi'nden 2013-2023 yılları arasında, bir kısmı önceki çalışmalardan temin edilen ve bir kısmı doğrudan araziden alınan örnekler üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Mikromorfolojik ve anatomik incelemeler taksonlara ait herbaryum materyallerinden veya araziden alınan örneklerin olgun yaprakları kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Tüm taksonların mikromorfolojik özellikleri ve Carthamus lanatus hariç 9 taksonun anatomik özellikleri ilk defa bu çalışmayla ortaya konmuştur. Yüzey süslemelerine göre taksonların ruminat, ruguloz, sulkat, striat veya pürüzsüz olduğu tespit edildi. İncelenen tüm taksonlarda değişik yoğunlukta basit tüyler ve 7 taksonda kapitat ve/veya klavat salgı tüyleri gözlendi. Anatomik incelemelerde, Callicephalus nitens'in epidermis hücrelerinde diğer taksonlardan farklı olarak rafit kristalleri bulunduğu, 5 taksonun dorsiventral mezofilli, 5 tanesinin ise isobilateral mezofilli olduğu ve tüm taksonların amfistomatik yapraklı olduğu tespit edildi. İncelenen 7 adet Centaureinae taksonunun tamamında 1-4 arasında salgı kanalı ihtiva ettiği, iki adet Arctiniiae taksonununun salgı kanalı ihtiva etmemekle beraber iletim demetleri etrafındaki büyük parankima içeriklerinde salgı maddesi taşıdığı ve Echinopsinae alttribusuna ait E. pungens'in ise herhangi bir salgı kanalı veya salgı maddesi içermediği belirlendi. Tüm taksonların orta damarında 1-8 arasında değişen ilave demetler görüldü. Stomalarının anomositik ya da anizositik tipte olduğu ve mm2'deki stoma sayısı ile indeksleri açısından en yüksek değerler Callicephalus nitens'in ve Centaurea armena'nın üst yüzeyinde tespit edilmiştir.
The tribe Cardueae belonging to the family Asteraceae was divided 12 subtribes. In this investigations, leaf micromorphological and anatomical characteristics of 10 taxa (Arctium lappa subsp. platylepis, A. minus, Callicephalus nitens, Carthamus lanatus, Centaurea armena, C. rhizantha, C. urvillei subsp. armata, Psephellus dealbatus, Psephellus straminicephalus ve Echinops pungens) belonging to the subtribes Arctiinae, Centaureinae and Echinopsinae were examined by using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and light microscope (LM), in detail. This study was carried out on specimens from the Eastern Black Sea Region between 2013 and 2023, some of which were obtained from previous studies and some of which were taken directly from the field. Micromorphological and anatomical investigations were carried out using mature leaves obtained from herbarium materials of the taxa or field samples. The micromorphological characteristics of all taxa and the anatomical features of 9 taxa except Carthamus lanatus were revealed for the first time in this study. According to surface ornamentation, taxa were ruminate, rugulose, sulcate, striate or smooth. Simple hairs of different densities were observed in all taxa and capitate and/or clavate glandular hairs were observed in 7 taxa. Anatomical examination revealed that epidermis cells of Callicephalus nitens had raphite crystals unlike other taxa, five taxa had dorsiventral mesophyll, five had isobilateral mesophyll and all taxa had amphistomatic leaves. It was determined that all 7 Centaureinae taxa contained between 1-4 glandular ducts, two Arctinnae taxa did not contain glandular ducts but carried glandular material in the large parenchyma contents around the conduction bundles, and E. pungens belonging to the subtribe Echinopsinae did not contain any glandular ducts or glandular material. Additional bundles ranging from 1-8 were observed in the midrib of all taxa. Stomata were of anomocytic or anisocytic type and the highest values in terms of the stomata per mm2 and stomatal indices were found on the upper surface of Callicephalus nitens in and Centaurea armena.
The tribe Cardueae belonging to the family Asteraceae was divided 12 subtribes. In this investigations, leaf micromorphological and anatomical characteristics of 10 taxa (Arctium lappa subsp. platylepis, A. minus, Callicephalus nitens, Carthamus lanatus, Centaurea armena, C. rhizantha, C. urvillei subsp. armata, Psephellus dealbatus, Psephellus straminicephalus ve Echinops pungens) belonging to the subtribes Arctiinae, Centaureinae and Echinopsinae were examined by using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and light microscope (LM), in detail. This study was carried out on specimens from the Eastern Black Sea Region between 2013 and 2023, some of which were obtained from previous studies and some of which were taken directly from the field. Micromorphological and anatomical investigations were carried out using mature leaves obtained from herbarium materials of the taxa or field samples. The micromorphological characteristics of all taxa and the anatomical features of 9 taxa except Carthamus lanatus were revealed for the first time in this study. According to surface ornamentation, taxa were ruminate, rugulose, sulcate, striate or smooth. Simple hairs of different densities were observed in all taxa and capitate and/or clavate glandular hairs were observed in 7 taxa. Anatomical examination revealed that epidermis cells of Callicephalus nitens had raphite crystals unlike other taxa, five taxa had dorsiventral mesophyll, five had isobilateral mesophyll and all taxa had amphistomatic leaves. It was determined that all 7 Centaureinae taxa contained between 1-4 glandular ducts, two Arctinnae taxa did not contain glandular ducts but carried glandular material in the large parenchyma contents around the conduction bundles, and E. pungens belonging to the subtribe Echinopsinae did not contain any glandular ducts or glandular material. Additional bundles ranging from 1-8 were observed in the midrib of all taxa. Stomata were of anomocytic or anisocytic type and the highest values in terms of the stomata per mm2 and stomatal indices were found on the upper surface of Callicephalus nitens in and Centaurea armena.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Asteraceae, Arctiinae, Centaureinae, Echinopsinae, Alttribus, SEM, Anatomi, alttribus, Anatomy
