Orman yangınlarının kuzugöbeği mantarının (Morchella sp.) gelişimi üzerine etkileri
[ X ]
Tarih
2021
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Tüm canlılar için hayati öneme sahip olan ormanlarda meydana gelen yangınlardan sonra çok farklı değişikliklerin meydana geldiği bilinmektedir. Bu değişikliklerin en önemlilerinden birisi de orman toprağında görülmektedir. Orman yangınlarından sonra toprakta meydana gelen fiziksel ve kimyasal değişiklikler hiç şüphesiz orman ekosistemi üzerinde de bir takım farklılıkların oluşmasına neden olmaktadır. Bu değişikliklerin olumsuz etkilerinin yanında farklı ekosistem bileşenleri üzerinde olumlu gelişmelere de sebep olduğu bilinmektedir. Ülkemizin birçok bölgesinde orman yangınlarından sonra uygun şartların oluşması sebebiyle bazı yenilebilir mantarların oluşumunda ciddi artışlar olmaktadır. Bunlardan biri de besin ve ekonomik değeri yüksek olan Morchella cinsi mantarlardır. Kuzugöbeği olarak adlandırılan bu mantarlara yangın sonrası yanmış alanlarda sıklıkla rastlanılmaktadır. Kuzugöbeği mantarı gelişimine etki eden birçok faktör bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, orman yangınlarının kuzugöbeği mantar gelişimi üzerine etkilerini değerlendirmektir. Bu amaçla Erzurum Orman Bölge Müdürlüğü, Sarıkamış Orman İşletme Müdürlüğü, Karakurt Orman İşletme Şefliği sınırlarındaki Çscd2, Çsbc3 ve Çscd2-2 meşcerelerinde 2017 ve 2019 yıllarında meydana gelen yangın sahaları araştırma alanı olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre, mantarlı sahaların pH değerleri 6,26-7,88; EC değerleri 129-715 ?S; organik madde değerleri %2,82-9,6 arasında bulunmuştur. Çalışma alanlarında yangın görmemiş bölgelerde mantar gözlenmezken, alanda ancak yangınlardan sonra mantar tespit edilebilmiştir. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre pH, EC ve organik madde mantar oluşumunda etkili olurken, mantar sayısı üzerinde etkisi belirlenememiştir. Bunun yanı sıra toprak özellikleri ile yangının süre ve şiddetinin de mantar gelişiminde etkisi bulunmaktadır. Kuzugöbeği mantarının gelişmesini desteklemek için amaçlı yakma tekniklerinden istifade edilebilmesinin imkân ve şartlarının değerlendirilmesinin önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Orman yangını, kuzugöbeği mantarı, pH, elektriksel iletkenlik, organik madde
It is a fact that many different changes occur after fires in forests, which are very important for all living things. One of the most important of these changes is seen in forest soil since pHysical and chemical changes that occur in the soil after forest fires undoubtedly cause some differences in the forest ecosystem. Besides the negative effects of these changes, it is seen that they also cause positive developments on different ecosystem components. It is known that there has been a serious increase in the formation of some edible mushrooms due to the formation of favorable conditions after forest fires in many regions of Turkey. Morchella type mushrooms with high nutritional and economic value are one of these mushrooms. These fungi, called the true morel, are frequently encountered in areas burnt after a forest fire. Many factors affect the development of morel mushrooms. This study aims to evaluate the effects of forest fires on morel fungus development. Although these mushrooms, called morel mushrooms, are frequently encountered in burnt areas after forest fire, many factors affect the development of Morel mushrooms. This study aims to evaluate the effects of forest fires on morel fungus development. For this purpose, fire areas that occurred in Çscd2, Çsbc3 and Çscd2-2 stand type forests within the boundaries of Erzurum Regional Directorate of Forestry, Sarıkamış Forest Management Directorate, and Karakurt Forest Operation Directorate in 2017 and 2019 were determined as research areas. According to the findings obtained from the soil samples taken; Soil pH and electrical conductivity (EC) values of fired areas were found higher than unburned areas. As a result of the tests, pH values in mushroom fields were between 6.26-7.88; EC values between 129-715 µS / m; organic matter values between 2.82-9.6. With this study, while pH, EC, and organic matter are effective in fungal formation after the fire, it is estimated that the duration and intensity of the fire, soil properties, and suitable climatic conditions are also effective. In this paper, it was determined that pH, EC, and amount of organic matter are effective in the development of morel mushrooms. While pH, EC and the amount of organic matter are effective in the formation of fungi, they do not affect the number of fungi. Furthermore, it is considered that it is important to evaluate the possibilities and conditions of using purposeful burning techniques to support the development of the morel mushroom. Keywords: Forest fire, morel fungus, fire and fungus, soil pH, electrical conductivity of the soil, organic matter of the soil, Morchella
It is a fact that many different changes occur after fires in forests, which are very important for all living things. One of the most important of these changes is seen in forest soil since pHysical and chemical changes that occur in the soil after forest fires undoubtedly cause some differences in the forest ecosystem. Besides the negative effects of these changes, it is seen that they also cause positive developments on different ecosystem components. It is known that there has been a serious increase in the formation of some edible mushrooms due to the formation of favorable conditions after forest fires in many regions of Turkey. Morchella type mushrooms with high nutritional and economic value are one of these mushrooms. These fungi, called the true morel, are frequently encountered in areas burnt after a forest fire. Many factors affect the development of morel mushrooms. This study aims to evaluate the effects of forest fires on morel fungus development. Although these mushrooms, called morel mushrooms, are frequently encountered in burnt areas after forest fire, many factors affect the development of Morel mushrooms. This study aims to evaluate the effects of forest fires on morel fungus development. For this purpose, fire areas that occurred in Çscd2, Çsbc3 and Çscd2-2 stand type forests within the boundaries of Erzurum Regional Directorate of Forestry, Sarıkamış Forest Management Directorate, and Karakurt Forest Operation Directorate in 2017 and 2019 were determined as research areas. According to the findings obtained from the soil samples taken; Soil pH and electrical conductivity (EC) values of fired areas were found higher than unburned areas. As a result of the tests, pH values in mushroom fields were between 6.26-7.88; EC values between 129-715 µS / m; organic matter values between 2.82-9.6. With this study, while pH, EC, and organic matter are effective in fungal formation after the fire, it is estimated that the duration and intensity of the fire, soil properties, and suitable climatic conditions are also effective. In this paper, it was determined that pH, EC, and amount of organic matter are effective in the development of morel mushrooms. While pH, EC and the amount of organic matter are effective in the formation of fungi, they do not affect the number of fungi. Furthermore, it is considered that it is important to evaluate the possibilities and conditions of using purposeful burning techniques to support the development of the morel mushroom. Keywords: Forest fire, morel fungus, fire and fungus, soil pH, electrical conductivity of the soil, organic matter of the soil, Morchella
Açıklama
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Orman Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ormancılık ve Orman Mühendisliği, Forestry and Forest Engineering
