Effect of waste toner powder on the performance of microcrystalline cellulose-talc reinforced polypropylene hybrid composites

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dc.authorid0000-0002-9084-2265en_US
dc.authorid0000-0003-0189-4715en_US
dc.authorid0000-0001-5403-1150en_US
dc.contributor.authorDönmez Çavdar, Ayfer
dc.contributor.authorPeşman, Emrah
dc.contributor.authorBoran Torun, Sevda
dc.date.accessioned2024-12-06T08:32:16Z
dc.date.available2024-12-06T08:32:16Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.departmentAÇÜ, Orman Fakültesi, Orman Endüstri Mühendisliği Bölümüen_US
dc.description.abstractThis study examines reducing the environmental hazards of toner waste and producing low-cost: high-performance value-added hybrid polypropylene-PP-composites. The incorporation of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and inorganic filler(s) into a polymer matrix leads to superior performance and environmental advantage compared to inorganic-filled polymer composites. Waste toner (WT) was used up to 2% by weight with increments of 0.5 and the other fillers: MCC/talc/polypropylene carbonate loading ratios were kept constant as 5/10/3 wt% in this study. The production process of hybrid PP composites was carried out with single-screw extrusion and molding. Chemical and thermal characterization of the filler and the hybrid PP composites were performed by FTIR and it was revealed that the main resin of WT consists of polystyrene co-acrylate. In DSC analysis, the highest crystallinity value was calculated as 52.36% in the composite containing 1.5% waste toner. SEM micrographs proved the PPC prompts the dispersion quality of MCC and talc in the PP matrix. Mechanical, water absorption and surface properties of the hybrid composites were enhanced by adding WT at 1 and 1.5 wt%. Above this ratio, all properties of the hybrid composites moderately decreased. In light of the results, the WT could be utilized as a filler up to 1.5% in the PP-matrix. Highlights: TS of the composites increased by increasing the waste toner content to 1.5%. PP-based hybrid composites had higher flexural properties than unfilled PP. The crystallinity increased up to the addition of 1.5% wt. PPC-coupling agent promoted the interaction between talc/MCC and PP matrix.
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/pc.27832
dc.identifier.endpage1023en_US
dc.identifier.issn0272-8397
dc.identifier.issue2en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.startpage1012en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1002/pc.27832
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11494/5128
dc.identifier.volume45en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherJohn Wiley and Sons Incen_US
dc.relation.ispartofPolymer Composites
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessen_US
dc.subjectHybrid PP Compositesen_US
dc.subjectMCCen_US
dc.subjectTalcen_US
dc.subjectWaste Toneren_US
dc.titleEffect of waste toner powder on the performance of microcrystalline cellulose-talc reinforced polypropylene hybrid compositesen_US
dc.typeArticle

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