Analyzing the impact of economic growth and FDI on sustainable development goals in China: Insights from ecological footprints and load capacity factors

dc.contributor.authorGüler, İlkay
dc.contributor.authorNaimoğlu, Mustafa
dc.contributor.authorŞimşek, Orhan
dc.contributor.authorAdalı, Zafer
dc.contributor.authorÖzbek, Sefa
dc.date.accessioned2025-06-19T10:10:55Z
dc.date.available2025-06-19T10:10:55Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentAÇÜ, Hopa İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi, İktisat Bölümü
dc.description.abstractThis study investigates the impact of economic growth and foreign direct investment (FDI) on China’s sustainable development goals (SDGs), specifically Zero Hunger (SDG 2), Life Below Water (SDG 14), and Life on Land (SDG 15). It examines ecological footprints and load capacity factors (LCFs) in cropland, fishing, forest, and grazing land using Fourier bootstrap autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) cointegration analysis and fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) estimators. The study covers the period from 1979 to 2022. Key findings reveal that while GDP and FDI often exacerbate environmental degradation, urbanization and value-added agriculture, forestry, and fishing (FAFGDP) improve sustainability in some areas. The study confirms the pollution haven hypothesis for most models, suggesting that China’s legal and regulatory frameworks may inadequately mitigate FDI’s adverse environmental effects. The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis is not supported as GDP growth generally increases ecological footprints. However, trade openness and urbanization show positive influences on environmental sustainability. Policy recommendations include enhancing energy efficiency, promoting renewable energy, implementing green technologies in agriculture and urban development, and revising FDI policies to incentivize environmentally friendly practices. These strategies are crucial for achieving China’s sustainable development goals and mitigating the pressures of human activities on natural resources.
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fenvs.2025.1513158
dc.identifier.issue13
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105003641854
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11494/5533
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001473404700001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.institutionauthorŞimşek, Orhan
dc.institutionauthorAdalı, Zafer
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherFrontiers Media SA
dc.relation.ispartofFrontiers in Environmental Science
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subjectEcological footprints
dc.subjectEconomic growth
dc.subjectEnergy economics
dc.subjectEnvironmental Kuznets curve
dc.subjectForeign direct investment
dc.subjectLoad capacity factors
dc.subjectSustainable Development Goals
dc.titleAnalyzing the impact of economic growth and FDI on sustainable development goals in China: Insights from ecological footprints and load capacity factors
dc.typeArticle

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