Spectrofluorometric determination of Fe³⁺, Pd²⁺, and Sn²⁺ ions using carbon nanodots derived from hazelnut shells

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dc.contributor.authorGümrükçüoğlu, Abidin
dc.contributor.authorOcak, Miraç
dc.contributor.authorKolaylı, Sevgi
dc.contributor.authorDinç, Saliha
dc.contributor.authorAltın, İlknur
dc.contributor.authorGün, Serhat
dc.contributor.authorTurgut Ocak, Ümmühan
dc.date.accessioned2025-06-23T07:36:20Z
dc.date.available2025-06-23T07:36:20Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentAÇÜ
dc.description.abstractCarbon nanodots (CNDs) were synthesized from hazelnut shells using the pyrolysis method in an oven at temperatures ranging from 250 to 400 °C and reaction times between 1 and 3 h. The structural and optical properties of the CNDs, which exhibited strong blue fluorescence under a UV lamp (365 nm), were characterized using UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction (XRD), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The quantum yield of the CNDs was determined to be between 2.2% and 7.8%. The effect of various cations on the fluorescence spectra of the CNDs was investigated using fluorescence spectrometry. Among the synthesized CNDs, those prepared via pyrolysis for 3 h at 300 °C, 315 °C, and 350 °C (designated as HS300-3, HS315-3, and HS350-3, respectively) exhibited selective fluorescence quenching in the presence of Fe³⁺, Sn²⁺, and Pd²⁺. These CNDs were applied for the determination of Fe³⁺ in tap water and soil samples, while HS315-3 was also employed for the detection of Sn²⁺ and Pd²⁺ in tap water. The limits of detection (LOD) were 4.5 μg l−1 for Fe3+ and 15.8 μg l−1 for both Sn²⁺ and Pd²⁺. The accuracy of the methods was validated through spiked recovery experiments with tap water samples and by analyzing a certified reference material (CRM-SA-C Sandy Soil C).
dc.identifier.doi10.1088/2050-6120/add1aa
dc.identifier.issn20506120
dc.identifier.issue3
dc.identifier.pmid40294635
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105005351929
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11494/5596
dc.identifier.volume13
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001487754600001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ3
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.institutionauthorGümrükçüoğlu, Abidin
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherInstitute of Physics
dc.relation.ispartofMethods and Applications in Fluorescence
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess
dc.subjectcarbon nanodots
dc.subjectFe³⁺
dc.subjectfluorescence spectroscopy
dc.subjecthazelnut shells
dc.subjectPd²⁺
dc.subjectSn²⁺
dc.titleSpectrofluorometric determination of Fe³⁺, Pd²⁺, and Sn²⁺ ions using carbon nanodots derived from hazelnut shells
dc.typeArticle

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