Naphthalen-1-yl 2,4,6-trimethyl benzenesulfonate enhances cadmium tolerance in Zea mays by boosting antioxidant defense and photosynthetic efficiency

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dc.authorid0000-0002-1363-6142
dc.authorid0000-0001-6085-7610
dc.contributor.authorAltuntaş, Cansu
dc.contributor.authorGümrükçüoğlu, Abidin
dc.contributor.authorYetişsin, Fuat
dc.contributor.authorDemiralay, Mehmet
dc.date.accessioned2025-09-30T08:41:14Z
dc.date.available2025-09-30T08:41:14Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentAÇÜ, Rektörlük, Bilim Teknoloji Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi
dc.departmentAÇÜ, Orman Fakültesi, Orman Mühendisliği Bölümü
dc.description.abstractCadmium (Cd) contamination in agricultural soils is a serious environmental issue that reduces crop yield and threatens food safety and human health. While conventional chelators enhance Cd uptake, they often impair plant health. This study investigates whether naphthalene-1-yl 2,4,6-trimethyl benzenesulfonate (NTB) acts as a dual-functional agent by enhancing Cd uptake and reducing toxicity in maize. Maize seedlings pretreated with 0.25 mM NTB and exposed to 100 µM CdCl2 showed a 69% increase in Cd accumulation. NTB reduced oxidative stress, lowering TBARS and H2O2 levels by 37% and 34%, respectively. Proline accumulation rose by only 12%, and RWC increased by 9%, indicating improved stress tolerance. Antioxidant enzyme responses shifted: SOD activity declined by 71%, while CAT, APX, and GPX decreased by 24%, 19%, and 37%. NTB also elevated antioxidants, including gallic acid (61%), epicatechin (71%), vanillic acid (42%), and rosmarinic acid (64%). Total chlorophyll increased by 68%, and gas exchange parameters improved: Pn by 70%, Tr by 46%, gs by 14%, and Ci by 72%. Fluorescence parameters also improved, with Fv/Fm and ΦPSII increasing by 19% and 14%, and NPQ decreasing by 14%. These results show that NTB enhances Cd uptake while maintaining physiological balance, offering a promising phytoremediation strategy.
dc.identifier.doi10.1080/15226514.2025.2543016
dc.identifier.issn15226514
dc.identifier.pmid40778655
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105012873618
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11494/5913
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001546066800001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.institutionauthorAltuntaş, Cansu
dc.institutionauthorGümrükçüoğlu, Abidin
dc.institutionauthorDemiralay, Mehmet
dc.institutionauthorid0000-0002-1363-6142
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherTaylor and Francis Ltd.
dc.relation.ispartofInternational Journal of Phytoremediation
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess
dc.subjectChelator agent
dc.subjectHeavy metal stress
dc.subjectOxidative stress
dc.subjectZea mays
dc.titleNaphthalen-1-yl 2,4,6-trimethyl benzenesulfonate enhances cadmium tolerance in Zea mays by boosting antioxidant defense and photosynthetic efficiency
dc.typeArticle

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